Emotion of the circumstance Essay

‘†¦ Often did my human nature turn with loathing from my occupation, whilst, still urged on by an eagerness which perpetually increased, I brought my work near to a conclusion. ‘ The opening of chapter 5, the climax of the story where the monster is brought to life, is a clear example of the use of the literary device of pathetic fallacy, where, in this case, the weather matches the emotion of the circumstance. There are also several more examples of this throughout the chapter. ‘It was on a dreary night of November that I beheld the accomplishment of my toils.. ‘ ‘Morning, miserable and wet, at length dawned,’ ‘†¦ although drenched by the rain which poured from a black and comfortless sky.. ‘ The ‘moment of creation’ is the most detailed of all, and excites the reader with the rich descriptive content. It also gives the reader a chance to compare their idea of what the monster looks like (having been influenced by film versions, comic versions or other forms of media) to how the monster is set out in the book. The description given by the book is as follows: ‘His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips. ‘ In comparison to modern literature, there is a lot of description within this novel, the above quote is an example of this. To a modern audience, the fact that there is lots of detail makes the story seem slow moving, yet it provides a good build up right up until the end. Also, at Mary Shelley’s time, when the book was published, reading was an engaging form of entertainment, so the vast array of detail would have been enjoyed and appreciated a lot more and would have enhanced the experience for readers of the time. The story is structured well throughout, and the narrative structure, in particular from the different characters (Captain Walton, Frankenstein, the monster), is unexpected and adds to the tension, as well as allowing the reader to see the story from all points of view, and to enable the reader to empathise with the monster in his situation where he would otherwise be treated as the villain. Merely the fact that Frankenstein has been adapted many times into films, long detailed descriptive books, plays, radio, comic books, cartoons and the like is evidence that we, today, are still interested in it. All of the things I have mentioned beforehand all work together to continue to draw people to the book. Interfering with nature One of the main ‘lessons’ within the story itself is undoubtedly to respect God as the supreme creator- there are lots of examples in the text that warn against interfering with nature; Victor himself warns Captain Walton, a young ambitious explorer who has set foot into the unknown (an area of the north pole, which, at that time had remained undiscovered) ‘You may easily perceive, Captain Walton that I have suffered great and unparalleled misfortunes†¦. You seek knowledge and wisdom, as I once did; and I ardently hope that the gratification of your wishes may not be a serpent to sting you, as mine has been†¦ when I reflect that you are pursuing the same course, exposing yourself to the same dangers which have rendered me what I am†¦ ‘ Also when telling his story to Capt. Walton he constantly reflects on what has happened, thinking about the consequences of his actions, and the consequences and implications that have resulted from his taking science too far. ‘Learn from me†¦. at least by my example, how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge, and how much happier that man is who believes his native town to be the world, than he who aspires to become greater than his nature will allow. ‘ Whilst telling his story to Capt. Walton, Victor talks of how his excitement and exhilaration at the prospect of reanimating the dead took over, and how he viewed himself as almost God-like: ‘A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. ‘ Shelley plays around with the idea that Victor is ‘playing God’ in the title; ‘Frankenstein- A modern Prometheus,’ referring to the mythological Greek tale of Prometheus, son of Zeus, whose job it was to create life. Prometheus felt sorry for the primitive mortals on the earth, so he stole fire from Zeus to give to them. As a consequence he was punished by Zeus, who had him shackled to the side of a mountain. Each day, Prometheus would be tormented by Zeus’ eagle as it tore at his immortal flesh and tried to devour his liver. Each night the torn flesh would mend so the eagle could begin anew at the first touch of dawn. This myth relates to Frankenstein, although loosely, it carries the same warning that Frankenstein also carries: if you interfere with the path of nature, bad things will happen to you. Whilst he is telling his story, Victor tells us that he had his doubts beforehand, however his ambition and thirst for knowledge quickly took over. ‘.. I doubted at first whether I should attempt the creation of a being like myself†¦ but my imagination was too much exalted†¦ to permit me to doubt of my ability to give life to an animal as complex and as wonderful as man. ‘ In Chapter 4, Victor toys with the idea that he is a ‘creator’ and ponders the idea that the monster should view him as his father, and he his son; ‘No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs. ‘ Victor becomes excited at the prospect of this and it drives him on, yet he does not pause to think about the possibility that things will go horribly wrong, as we know they do later on in the story. Nevertheless, Victor prepares himself to ‘reanimate’ his creation, but he panics when he has brought it to life, and, realising how repulsive it is, flees in terror, abandoning his creation, along with the idea that he could have had a meaningful father-son relationship with it. One could argue that the monster, despite having carried out the murders of Justine, William and Elizabeth later on in the story, is not at fault. Had Frankenstein accepted his creation from the very beginning, events might have been different, therefore, Frankenstein, although indirectly, is to blame for the evil deeds the monster has carried out. The monster does not come into the world as an evil being- it is full of love and kindness for mankind, yet is eventually turned against humans, who judge him by his appearance rather than his character. They taunt him, hurt him and reject him in the same way that Victor had. Therefore it is not surprising that, having been left alone, he acts on his instincts and reacts in the way he does. The main idea within the context of Frankenstein relates to modern day science in many ways: Science and technology are progressing at an astonishing rate. Many ethical and moral issues are frequently being brought up concerning these developments. The current controversy surrounding the cloning debate is one such example, as is the first successful ‘face transplant’ that has recently taken place -this scientific reality is very similar to Dr. Frankenstein’s frightening discovery that Mary Shelly imagined 200 years ago.

Influence Media Has on Teens

Influence Today’s Media Has on Teens Every day teens watch TV and see movies that glamorize violent and inappropriate behavior. On the covers of magazines are spray-tanned, models or celebrities that teens idolize. Physical appearance is exaggerated by the media, and is seen by teens, as more important than intellectual abilities. Boys and girls between the ages of 13-18Teens feel that they need to be just as beautiful as the super models, or just as muscular as the professional athletes.I believe that the Media has a negative influence on teens; it promotes foul language, teen fights, and popularity contests. Some people believe that the Media is not the cause of the way teens look or act. They believe that the appearance and actions of teens is their choice. Media content may give violent youth a way to express their rage, but people believe that it does not actually cause that rage. While it is true that rage comes from a variety of things, teens look to magazines and TV fo r inspiration.Some teens even look at how to live their lives, instead of being unique individuals and living a life of their own. Magazines like People and OK are the main sources for celebrity information. The main reason teens read these magazines, is for the celebrity gossip. â€Å"Britney Spears shaves her head,† â€Å"Kourtney Kardashian, Pregnant Again! † Sadly, this is what teens read, and for most of them; especially girls, they are reading about their celebrity role models.If a teen is reading about someone they look up to and see that; for example, that person dyed their hair pink, chances are the teen might also dye their hair pink. Remember the phrase, â€Å"Monkey see, monkey do? † Well, that statement sums up the influence that magazine’s can have on teens. Reality television, like MTV’s popular shows â€Å"Jersey Shore† and â€Å"The Real World,† display violent/inappropriate behavior and foul language. Both shows are about guys and girls that have never met before, who all come together and live in the same house.These shows have a negative influence on teens because every episode that is aired features sexual content, the cast â€Å"partying hard† every night, and cast members being violent and disrespectful towards each other or other people. Shows that glamorize sexual promiscuity and reward selfish, scheming contestants, teach teens that these qualities and behaviors are desirable. The Media negatively influences teens and creates animosity amongst them. Teens are at a point in their lives where they are trying to discover who they are.To copy what they read in magazines and watch on TV comes a lot easier to them, rather than finding themselves on their own. If magazines and TV were to talk about more positive things and promote â€Å"average-looking† people, teens would be able to relate it to their own lives. (Miller, 2010) The topics of MTV’s reality shows portray ina ppropriate behavior and lifestyles. Nevertheless, it would be a great idea if teens shut out reality TV and gossip magazines from their lives. They would have a lot more free time to find themselves. Plus, there’s enough drama in high school as it is, they don’t need to be watching and reading about more.

Colonial Language, Behavior and Identity Formation in Two Tempests

Colonial language, behavior and identity formation in Two Tempests Shakespeare in his last work, The Tempest tells the story of Proespero, the duke of Milan who is exiled to an island. The conflicts throughout the play arise from the desire of power over nature and people. Prospero overtakes the power from the native people on the land and is fighting for his title; that has been stolen by his brother. The influence of colonization is present in The Tempest, and is demonstrated in the characters Caliban and Ariel; who become Prospero’s servers in order to get free.Cesaire writes A Tempest, based on Shakespeare’s The Tempest, to help the reader understand its message better. The theme remains the same, but Cesaire emphasizes more deeply on the characters Caliban and Ariel. Cesaire presents them as people of the new world, who are under the influence of a foreign power, Prospero. Cesaire presents Caliban and Ariel with slightly different characteristics as Shakespeare, sh owing the important role of their language, behavior and actions.The very first change that Cesaire made in A Tempest we can see at the beginning of the play where the author mentions Ariel as a mulatto slave and Caliban as a black slave. Their change in color is significant because Cesaire expresses the post-colonial influence on the characters. The example of colonization is presented by a white conqueror, Prospero, who takes over the native people on the island, Caliban and Ariel. The two Characters, Caliban and Ariel are described differently in Shakespeare’s The Tempest and Cesaire’s A Tempest.A Tempest is a post-colonial writing, and Cesaire forms his characters with stronger and more significant characteristics. Caliban’s personality becomes more important than in Shakespeare’s play. In The Tempest, Caliban is an insolent, uneducated slave who is controlled through magic by Prospero, while in A Tempest; he becomes an aggressive and defined black ma n. In The Tempest, we can see Caliban as a child of a witch, Sycorax, who is a poor judge of character, acting like an animal and willing to get free.In Cesaire’s play the way he enters the scene is already telling us that he becomes a strong and brave character with a personality. Caliban’s word to Prospero, â€Å"Uhuru† (Cesaire 1. 2. 10-11), shows his rebellious attitude towards his master, letting him know about his eagerness to become free and independent on his island again. â€Å"Uhuru† in Swahili means freedom and for Caliban means his life. With this word, Caliban is showing to Prospero his defiance towards the situation, in which he becomes a slave of his own land.Caliban is the one who introduced the island to Prospero, and he expects to be treated with respect. Caliban is a fighter who is ready to choose death over humiliation: â€Å"Call me X. That would be best. Like a man without a name. Or, to be more precise, a man whose name has been st olen. You talk about history and everyone knows it. † (Cesaire 18) With Prosepero’s arrival to the island, Caliban becomes a slave of its own land. In spite of difficulties and his situation, Caliban does not easily admit defeat.The fact that he wants to be called X rather than Caliban, shows his fight for his free will that he has as a person. In Cesaire’s play Caliban becomes aware of his situation and he knows that a person can be considered a person, if that has the right to take decisions over himself. Prospero has power over Caliban, gives him a new name, and with that Prospero steals his identity and his whole being as a human. This contrasts with Shakespeare’s play where Caliban’s fight for his personality is less important; he just exists and obeys as a slave.Caliban represents the suppressed category of people who are under foreign intruders’ power and forced to obey their commands. The language that Cesaire uses for his characters is more aggressive and eloquent than in Shakespeare’s play. Caliban is arguing furiously with Prospero, showing the injustice of Prospero’s power over him: â€Å"You lied to me so much, about the world, about myself, that you ended up by imposing on me an image of myself. † (Cesaire 3. 5. 22-24) The way Caliban talks to his master shows the tormented relationship that they have.Caliban uses the language that Prospero taught him in a way that expresses his anger and his suffering as a slave of his land. The way Prospero treats Caliban is an example of the colonized lands where the new rulers used the native people for their advantage. The colonizer’s influence on native people is presented by Shakespeare and Cesaire too, just in different languages. For Caliban, there is no importance in speaking Prospero’s language: â€Å"You taught me language, and /my profit on’t/Is, I know how to curse. † (Shakespeare 1. 2. -4); he is forced to do that in order to obey his commands. The colonization of the island took away Caliban’s own language, his name and his home that now he calls â€Å"ghetto†. (Cesaire 13) Shakespeare doesn’t focus as much as Cesaire on Caliban’s character. The language what he uses is from 1400s, and the characters are used mostly for their role in the play and not as a symbol of the colonized lands as in Cesaire’s play. Changing the character’s color and language, Cesaire shows the essence of the diversity in people and their important role in life according to their skin and language.Ariel’s change is substantial, too. He is presented as a mulatto slave, which is another character of colonized lands. His identity is totally different from Caliban’s; he is the naive and obedient slave and not the fighter like Caliban. Ariel is representing the category of people who are ready to obey the master’s command and waiting for changes to happen. Ariel knows that Prospero uses him for his own purpose, and despite of all that, he approaches his tasks with enthusiasm, reporting any activities that he observes.Even though Shakespeare describes Ariel as a sprite, he has human qualities; he is longing for his liberty. He is invisible, but his actions are important, and he reflects human emotions: â€Å"ARIEL. If you now behold them, your affections / would become tender. / PROSPERO. Dost thou think so, spirit? / ARIEL. Mine would, sir, were I human. † (Shakespeare 5. 1. 35-39) Throughout the play, Ariel, the mulatto slave, is described as a compliant server and is treated in a nice way comparative to Caliban, who is treated horribly and threatened.The different treatment of slaves shows us that even between slaves are classifications, and they all have their place in world according to their skin color. In contrast with Shakespeare, Cesaire represents the two characters on a deeper level and focuses more on their personal ities. Throughout the play, Cesaire describes Caliban and Ariel as two servants with different desires and places in the colonized land. Caliban is ready to fight for what belongs to him, including his identity, in contrast with Ariel, who accommodates to the situation and waits for a better future.

Systematic Review - THE IMPACT THAT NURSE PRESCRIBING IS HAVING ON THE Essay

Systematic Review - THE IMPACT THAT NURSE PRESCRIBING IS HAVING ON THE NHS (In relation to cost effectiveness and the views of patients and other health care pr - Essay Example The government also around this time, introduced supplementary prescribing, whereby nurses and pharmacists would be able to prescribe medicines to patients after an initial assessment by a doctor or dentist had taken place. This was thought to be very beneficial to nurses especially when working with patients with asthma, diabetes and mental illness. With independent and supplementary prescribing, the Government pledged that by 2004, over half of all nurses would be able to prescribe medicines. (DoH, 2002). Due to the increase in numbers of nurses prescribing and the future forms of health provisions, a systematic review on the effectiveness of nurse prescribing will be undertaken. This will focus on the cost benefits to the NHS and what patients and other health care professional’s views of nurse prescribing are. Objectives: The aim of this review is to evaluate the impact and effects of nurse prescribing to date and to highlight areas of further research, which may be needed. The review will provide a summary of the current state of knowledge into nurse prescribing, to hopefully inform policy and practice and identify areas of need and shall rely upon nurse prescribing literature published from, 2000 until the present. Literature from other countries will not be invluded. Search Strategy: The search strategy for this review complied with Cochrane standards. To obtain the literature electronic databases were searched, using key words (The impact of nurses prescribing). The databases searched were CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SERFILE, Oxford Journals Online, Jstor, ProQuest, ABI Inform and Academic Search Premier. Selection Criteria: Articles published from 2000 onwards and whose methodological approach was both clearly stated and appropriate were deemed suitable for inclusion, provide that they were both scholarly and peer-reviewed. Another criterion for inclusion was article focus as the reviewer had,

Human Skeleton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Skeleton - Essay Example The archeological findings of this skeleton showed a skull which is smaller than that of humans (Tomkins, n.p). The skeleton showed evidence of the bipedal upright posture. The skeleton was 3ft 7in tall and weighed approximately 64 pounds. The skeleton had a similar appearance to that of a chimpanzee (Tomkins, n.p). The skeleton had a smaller skull, hence, a smaller brain than that of humans. However, the structure of the pelvic and leg bones was identical to that of Homo sapiens sapiens, which suggested that they performed similar functions to those of modern man and walked in an upright position (Institute of Human Origins, n.d).The archeological findings were re constructed in the University of Cleveland by Owen Lovejoy (Institute of Human Origins, n.d). Another factor which showed that Lucy walked upright was her valgus knee; her greater trochanter was short and similar to that of humans (Institute of Human Origins, n.d). Her feet were also discovered to be physiologically flat. The reconstruction of her sacrum showed it had a broad iliac flare, and broad inner acetabular distance and a long superior pubic ramus (Institute of Human Origins, n.d). H er pubic arch was similar to that of humans. She had a smaller cranium and spatulate canines. Her cranial capacity as mentioned above was smaller than that of humans. Her mandible showed similarities to that of gorillas (Institute of Human Origins,

Technology Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technology Management - Essay Example I have discussed various strategies and techniques that can be used to improve the management of technology in a business organization and their impact. Each strategy is given a specific time which if accurately followed will produce some projected results. Technology Management The role of technology in the production industry can never be overlooked. It is clear that the more the use of advanced technology in the industry the better the results. However, the use of technology must be managed appropriately to ensure that it has been used efficiently and that the technology meets the expected results. Hence it is good for a business organization that incorporates technology in production to consider proper management of technology to increase profits and avoid losses. There are several issues of concern that are practices of poor technology management. One of them is having a weak internal technical support (Treat, 2011). Often the technical support is given to the computer experts w ho perform the work in addition to their regular job responsibilities. This causes the expert not to give their full attention to this work and this leads to poor performance. Another aspect is the keeping of older technology for too long. Old methods of technology in production need a lot of repair and fail often. This leads to a high business downtime, where the systems of production are rarely available (Bidgoli, 2010). This means that production time is wasted during repair hence reducing production. Older technology also work slowly and inefficiently hence does less work compared to use of up to date technology. Hence we can conclude that keeping older technology for too long is a poor practice that heavily costs productions. One more issue concerning poor technology management is lack of proper training to the employees (Tesar et al. 2004). Proper understanding of a computer system to the employee will enable them to easily perform the expected operations. When new technology or application is introduced into the organization, proper training of the users is essential for increased productivity. Another very crucial aspect of management of technology is the lack keeping the current software licenses (Harrison & Samson, 2002). If a business organization fails to keep their software licenses current, they greatly miss out on critical software updates. This also hinders access to technical support that would expose the users to new ideas and features and this holds back people from being as productive as possible. There are several strategies and techniques that can be used to improve technology management. One of it is to keep the users well trained on all the operations of technology. Training should not be done only when the user in been introduced to the technology, but should be frequently done so as to perfect the users knowledge and expertise on the use of technology. Another very effective technique is to put in place a strong internal technical sup port team. This team should be completely dedicated to technical operations support and research and should not have any other responsibilities. This empowers the team to concentrate on the use of technology in the most efficient way to increase production. Use of a good data backup is critical in good technology management. This technique ensures regular data backup to all business related information. Good policies and tools to manage backup of information regularly should be established. This ensures that even if the

Critical Thinking - Model 3 - Case - Deductive and Inductive Argumens Coursework

Critical Thinking - Model 3 - Case - Deductive and Inductive Argumens - Coursework Example This is the characteristic of most research activities involving scientific studies. In deductive reasoning, the approach to the conclusion always follows a top to bottom manner (Asheim, 47). This follows that the researcher or investigator always commences with the general hypothesis and narrows down to a specific one in his or her conclusion (Winch, 35). In relation to this, it is of crucial significance to note that the case of Edward depicts a form of deductive reasoning. This follows that Edward first starts by general notion and narrows down to a specific notion in order to substantiate his claims. He points out that all nurses always like to draw blood from the patients. Thus, being one of them, the same applies. This is a form of deductive reasoning. As a response, it is necessary for Edward to understand that making conclusions based on unsupported generalized claims is not appropriate. In this manner, it is important to note that nurses differ in their medical practices as well as decisions. Therefore, the decision taken by one nurse should not necessarily be the one that all nurses must follow. This is important in making Edward understand that there is no solid evidence to justify his claims. Thus, it will be in order for Edward to understand that it is not a must that any nurse must follow or copy what others always do. T his will be important in making Edward refrain from making conclusions following unsubstantiated

Vietnam vs. Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Vietnam vs. Iraq - Essay Example They focus more on the differences and thus any similarity, if there exists any, is rejected off-hand. Instead of juxtaposing Iraq with Vietnam, which serves as a symbol of shameful defeat for the US, these proponents who compare this war instead with Nazi or Imperial Japan that were subdued by US forced during the Second World War. There is yet another group that feels that some similarities exist but there are differences too. for example counterinsurgency operations were involved in both cases but there is no force like North Vietnam present for Iraq. Since the fall of Saigon in 1975, Vietnam has been the symbol of failed US policies and bad military choices for many critics. It is seen as the worst possible demonstration of misplaced aggression and has been influencing American voters' attitudes towards war and use of force against a third party. Thus Vietnam analogy was something US couldn't keep out of discussion. It had to enter this debate since Vietnam's example is important and every time, US administration is criticized for its aggressive use of force, Vietnam can serve as a suitable reminder. Apart from that Vietnam also shaped the political awareness of generation that now rules America. When we closely study the case in point however more differences than similarities seem to exist between the two experiences. Vietnam in 1960s was a powerful nation and one that had long resisted against foreign domination. Sense of nationalism was strong, mobilized against the French by communists and thus people took extreme pride in their own political and social structure. They did not need a third party to tell them what was right for them. Iraq on the other hand was a weaker nation plagued by years of warfare and internal conflicts. Nationalism was missing because of extreme religious and ethnic tensions. In Vietnam, United States had adopted a vastly different approach of aggression. It had started out as an insurgency that later bloomed into full scale war. That was not the case in Iraq where it had been a full-fledge war from the beginning though it later transformed into insurgency. Similarly while Vietnam was well trained and its military strength was a force to reckon with, Iraq was a fragmented military power with no support from external sources. Apart from this, we also need to understand United States' global strategic position then and now. In 1960s, there were other powers that could keep United States' military aggression in check. Soviet Union could act as a great restraining force but that was not the case now. United States today enjoys a more powerful position globally and it has greater presence in the world than it had with USSR acting as a formidable force. It was now easier for the US to move ahead and overthrow the government in Iraq which was neither the intenti on nor the result of war with Vietnam.

How to do a qualitative research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How to do a qualitative research - Essay Example This method is also known as ethnomethodology or ground research. It creates data concerning people within social surroundings (Mason, 2002). Qualitative methods aim at getting a better perception through firsthand involvement, accurate recording, and citations of real discussions (Mason, 2002). The method aims at understanding how the respondents develop implication from their environs, and how their implication influences their conduct (Mason, 2002). According to Denzin and Lincoln (2005), in-depth interviews are important qualitative research data collection procedure normally used for various purposes, which entail conducting a needs evaluation, program improvement, identification of issue, and premeditated preparation. This method of obtaining data is appropriate in situations like when the researcher wants to use open-ended items that provoke depth of facts from the selected respondents. These in depth, interviews had the following important characteristics as stated by other r esearchers. Using of open-ended questions, the respondents are in a position to give more details about the question asked and not just present a yes no question (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). ... This can be achieved through active listening at what the respondents say and seek clarity where needed. The researcher needs to be recording responses either by the use of audiovisual material or audio tapes. These records should be completed with recorded notes to support the records. These notes include observation of nonverbal movement made by the respondent (Mason, 2002). The interview participants were also selected using random sampling so as to involve many and different participants. This in depth interview follows the following major procedure. The interview question aimed at identifying the characteristics of events situations and circumstance. in this stage-thematizing the initial stage of transcription- the researcher clarifies the purpose on the interview to the study participants. The second stage is designing where the researcher comes up with the manner in which he or she is going to elicit responses from the selected respondents. The guide should be designed to make the respondents focus on the topic of investigation. The next stage is interviewing, where the actual interview takes place by first obtaining permission from the authorities, informing the respondents the purpose of conducting the interview, then engaging the respondent in conversation until the required response is obtained (Marschan,-Piekarit and Welch, 2005). The next stage is transcription, where the creation of a verbatim transcript of each discussion is done by transcribing out each item and answer using the audio tape. The next stage involves analyzing where the records are read to identify themes that come out of the responses provided. Then verification of what is recoded and lastly a report is provided to the internal and external stakeholders

Personality Disorders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Personality Disorders - Essay Example Most times these connections go beyond involvement with the service user alone and extend to his/her care givers and families. To establish and maintain the connections psychiatric mental health nurses need not just communication skills but also specialized skills in understanding and accepting mental health problems along with a strong sense of ethics and responsibility. This lesson is designed to help the students gain a comprehensive understanding of the various personality disorders that affect patients. It proposes to help them recognize these disorders within patients based on their outward features and to help plan patients’ care based on their evaluation. Long Term Content Goal : To understand the different kinds of personality disorders that afflicts patients and recognize the nursing care needed by each different group Learning Outcomes : The learning outcomes from this lesson are identified as follows – Examining of linkages between psychology and nursing pra ctice on the illness-health continuum. Knowledge and understanding of personality disorders and its various clinical features needed to meet the needs of patients. Demonstrating proficiency in professional judgment while identifying personality disorders among patients. ... Identify the key symptoms and characteristics of each disorder. Recognize the treatment plan available for treating the various disorders. Explain the ethical role psychiatric mental health nurses have to play while administering nursing care. Prerequisite Learner Skills : The learner should posses the following characteristics while attempting to follow the lesson plan – Analytical thinking Self-learning abilities Social cohesion while working in a team Striving for personal improvement Skills in creatively solving problems Knowledge of using technology tools Instructional Design Model : This lesson plan hopes to focus its energies on the learner and hence the instructional design model adapted for this lesson is the Morrison, Ross and Kemp model (Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2004). The model consists of nine elements arranged in an oval shape – 1. Instructional problem identification and goal specifications of an instructional course, 2. Examination of learner’s cha racteristics based on instructional decisions, 3. Subject content identification with task analysis related to goals and purposes, 4. Instructional objective specifications, 5. Instructional units arranged in logical and sequential order for learning, 6. Instructional strategies designed to meet the mastery of lesson objectives, 7. Plan and develop instruction, 8. Evaluation instruments for measuring course objectives and 9. Resource selection for instruction and learning activities. (Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2004) Figure 1: The Morrison, Ross & Kemp Model Content Outline : Learning Objectives Content Instructional Method Introduce the topic The DSM-IV characterizes personality traits as enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the

Prestige plastics (PP) pricing problem Case Study

Prestige plastics (PP) pricing problem - Case Study Example Major Facts Sue, being a graduate majored in materials management, discovered a pricing problem while working at a manufacturing firm named Prestige Plastics (PP) operating as a supply manager. Her job description consisted of purchasing chemicals for the firm’s plastic productions. The problematic chemical purchase for Sue was that of a chemical called X-pane made specifically for PP. A bid for this chemical was forwarded to six suppliers with an annual requirement of 10,000 drums. The Chicago Chemical Company bid the lowest. Greater Sandusky Chemical said it was impossible to bid that low based on approximate production costs of $750,000 amortized over the one-year contract to reduce loss. Other bidders agreed with this statement. Sue assessed that over the years bidding prices did increase reflecting cost growth. She knew something was wrong but also wanted to maintain the competitive bidding process. Major Problems The major problem consists of the cost growth required to produce the chemical X-pane increasing each year adversely affecting the competitive bidding process. The approximate setup cost of 750,000 for producing x-pane seems to be an issue with buyers in seeing this return over a one-year contract. Possible Solutions/Alternatives A. One alternative would be for Sue to work with the engineering department and assess if there is a better cost efficient chemical that gives the same product results as X-pane that is already on the market for purchase. B. Another alternative would be to reduce the estimated annual requirement of purchase and expand it over a longer period of time. Instead of the required purchase of 10,000 drums a year it can be pushed back to 10,000 drums in 19 months. C. Finding a more cost efficient product that produces the same result and expanding the purchase contract to 10,000 drums within a 19 month period would produce the best results. D. The advantage of finding a cost friendly chemical would decrease costs for the manufacturing firm and increase production from eager buyers. The disadvantage of this would be that the new chemical would not meet the standards set by X-pane. The advantages of increasing the contracts purchase period would allow for buyers to make a greater profit which would be pleasing for them and increase production for the company in the long run. The disadvantage of this would be that PP would not make as much money as it would if it kept the original contract in place. Choice and Rationale I chose choice B. Expanding the purchase contract would be more cost efficient than taking time to search for a new product and gambling on those results. Questions 1. Usually when five prerequisites are satisfied the buying manager can be assured of obtaining the lowest price. 2. According to the case a buying firm may fall into the â€Å"competitive bidding trap† when one company bids lower but increases its bid over time to produce an appearance of a demand but then the hidden fluctuated production costs over time decreases the demands for other competitors. This can create a blind spot in thinking that production is going well and not considering extra costs as time procures. Sue saw the fact that the Chicago Chemical Company placed a low bid for five years straight but failed to realize that the competitive market was decreasing which essentially decreases production. 3. During the first contract at Prestige Plastics Chicago Chemical’s bid was $202 per barrel which was $3 lower than the second lowest price. Each year Chicago Chemical’s prices were $3 to $15 lower than the lowest bid. This could be a strategic move played by the bidders making it seem like a competitive market while reflecting cost growth in materials required to get Prestige Plastics to offer a better deal in order to keep competitive bidding active. 4. During the current buy things seemed good for Prestige Plastics with Chicago Chemical giving the lowest bid but the othe r competitors were not satisfied with growing production costs. They felt the competition was unfair to them

Edmee Ferrer Essay Example for Free

Edmee Ferrer Essay Professor Anderson Listening to the Women’s Rights was very moving and it really touched me and I learned a lot about what women had to go through and are still going through. I learned about Elizabeth Cady Stanton and what an amazing and powerful woman she was. Stanton was born in November. 12, 1815 and died in October. 26, 1902. She was an American Social Activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early Women’s Rights Movement. Besides focusing on Women’s Rights she also addressed issues pertaining to voting rights, women’s parental and custody rights, property rights, employment and income rights, divorce, the economic health of the family and birth control. She was also an outspoken supporter of the 19th century temperance movement. In 1920 women gained the right to vote, right of citizens of United States to vote shall not be denied by the United States or any state on account of sex. In the 1940’s and the 1950’s men had to go out to war so it left women to depend on themselves and started working to provide for their family. I also learned about the first-wave feminism and the second-wave feminism. The first-wave feminism focused more on suffrage and overturning legal obstacles to gender equality, voting rights, and property rights. The second-wave feminism broadened the debate to a wide range of issues like sexuality, family, the work place, reproductive rights, and official legal inequalities. The second-wave feminism also focused on domestic violence and marital rape issues, establishment of rape crisis and battered women’s shelter, also changes in custody and divorce law. I can say that I am very proud to be a woman, we have had to go through many challenges, having to be slaves of our life as wife’s and mother’s and home makers. Being sex slaves to our husbands, looked down at or feel less than a man. Not able to work or feel independent. We women are powerful and strong and capable of changing the world forever, capable of showing how we can be as amazing as any man can. Women now have as many rights as any man have. An example of these rights are: the right to vote, to hold public office, to work, to fair wages or equal pay, to own property, to education, to serve in the military, ent er into legal contracts, and to have marital and parental rights.

Impact of Nutrition Transition on Food and Nutrition System

Impact of Nutrition Transition on Food and Nutrition System IMPACT OF THE NUTRITION TRANSITION ON FOOD AND NUTRITION SYSTEM OF INDIA Student: Thara Baby Akshai Babu 1.0 INTRODUCTION One of the largest food producing country in the world is India (Singh et al, 2012). But 21% of the total population is under nourished (Singh et al, 2012). About 300 million people struggle for meeting their meals 2 times a day (Singh et al, 2012).Nutritional profile is a important factor of the progress in which nation has made in the modern days (Sachdev et al, 2004). Due to this factor there are many effects and implications in the everyday life of the normal people (Sachdev et al, 2004). The achievements are only for the highly economically privileged sections of the society. Due to the nutritional transition occurred, the development of the early adult hood disease is one of the main adverse effect in the daily living of the people (Sachdev et al, 2004). As a result, the rates of mortality as well as morbidity increased as well (Sachdev et al, 2004). Recent researches suggest that 40% of mortality rate in developing countries are due to Non communicable diseases and the rate is 75% in developed countries (Prakash Shetty, 2002). Due to the nutritional transition and changes in the life style pattern of the people, there is increase in the energy intake as well as decrease in the energy expenditure in the daily living activities (Sachdev et al, 2004). 2.0 EFFECTS OF TRANSITION IN THE NORMAL LIFE OF PEOPLE 2.1. Health consequences associated with transition. By the development of Nutrition transition, many adverse effects have been occurring (Sachdev et al, 2004). The most powerful evidence is the increase in the rate of risk towards the diseases like diabetes mellitus (Type 2), metabolic syndromes, coronary heart diseases, increased blood pressure etc. (Sachdev et al, 2004). It is expected that the rate of incidence of disease and death due to the CHD will be about 60% rather than any other infectious diseases in the upcoming years (Sachdev et al, 2004). And besides it is predicted that India will be the country with more diabetic patients in turn among the age of 45-64 than any other developing countries in 2025 (Sachdev et al, 2004). India is likewise in the path of demographic transition where the pace of life expectancy increases while the birth rate falls (Prakash Shetty, 2002). 2.2. Dietary Consumption and life style changes due to Nutrition transition in India. Sudden changes in the quantity of dietary intake on developing countries indicate an increase in per capita availability of food (Prakash Shetty, 2002) . It is as good as accompanied by the quantitative changes in the diet (Prakash Shetty, 2002).According to the food balance data sheet produced by Food And Agricultural Organisation(FAO) the amount of intake of animal fats, sugar in Asian countries has been increased where as the change in energy intake is small (Prakash Shetty, 2002).it is considered that the intake of fat both from vegetables and animal is drastically increasing each year. Data shows that from the diet, high income group consume 37% energy from fat as well as low income group consumes only 17%.Nutrition transition affects the women and children. Mal nutrition and obesity are the major problems seen among women (Sachdev et al, 2004). Overweight and Obesity seen among the higher class women where as malnourishment in the lower economic class women in the society (G riffiths Paula, 2001). According to WHO, In India 1% of the preschool childhood is prone to obesity (Prakash Shetty, 2002). As the situation goes on, India will be facing a dual challenge which is the biggest problems, i.e., overweight and malnourishment. There will be children with overweight where as the incidence of mortality and morbidity will be also increasing at the same time due to the malnutrition (Griffiths Paula, 2001). Since 1970’s, many national level surveys have been taken by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB), chiefly on the diet, nutrition and food consumption pattern of India (Prakash Shetty, 2002). In the year of 1975-1995, the survey was conducted and the NNMB reported the advance in the sufficient calorie intake in India, where as there is a gradual decrease in the amount of intake of cereal and grains in the diet (Prakash Shetty, 2002). It is believed that because of the heavy uptake of proteins and fat in the diet (Prakash Shetty, 2002). Consumption of legumes and pulses which is an important source of vegetable protein in the routine diet of India has decreased dramatically (Prakash Shetty, 2002).According to the Food Balance sheet data, the trend in the supply of animal product has increased from 7.0g in 1965 to 12.9gm in 1999.So the intake of energy in the diet is just double than needed. I.e. it increased to 192 kcal from 104 kcal per capita per day. The intak e of high fat and energy content will result in Obesity and overweight (Prakash Shetty, 2002). India is one of the biggest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world, however much of this does not appear to be contemplated in the uptake (Prakash Shetty, 2002). May be largely the effect of their production as cash crops for exports and sales (Prakash Shetty, 2002).This situation can lead to the extent loss of soil and micronutrients that are not advantageous to local people (Prakash Shetty, 2002). Economic development seems to contribute to improvement in intakes of legumes and veggies and these changes may be advantageous (Prakash Shetty, 2002). But these changes with socioeconomic status are also frequently linked with less intakes of inferior quality cereal grain and increased dependence on highly polished varieties that may bring down the intakes of dietary fibre (Prakash Shetty, 2002). 2.3. Changes in Physical Activity. Due to the increased mechanisation in the world, the level of physical activity has been decreased. Humans are more relied on automatic machines and motor cars rather than manual operating system and bicycles (Singh et al, 2012). Decrease in the productive manual work and decreased energy spend in work leads to the development of diseases. Now days, the trend is like more leisure time and less working time (Singh et al, 2012). And most of the people spend their leisure time for the sedentary activities such as watching TV, computer games and so on, thus changing the construction of leisure time and encroaching on the time usually allocated to other activities including weekday sleep (Singh et al, 2012). 3.0. FOOD DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF INDIA (FDS) One of the largest food producing country in the world is India (Singh et al, 2012). But 21% of the total population is under nourished (Singh et al, 2012). About 300 million people struggle for meeting their meals 2 times a day (Singh et al, 2012).it shows the problem of receptiveness to the sufficient nutritive food to the poor class in past(Singh et al, 2012). The report suggest that between the period of 1960-2009, there is a dramatically decline in the public investment to the agriculture (Singh et al, 2012). Certain measures are taken by the government among the states in the country (Singh et al, 2012). In India Public Distribution of Food is through FCI (Food Corporation Of India) (Singh et al, 2012). And through this system India reduced the risk of famine but the sufficiency, the quality and nutritive value of food is still a big challenge (Singh et al, 2012).The food management aims at processing food grains from farmers at profitable prices, supplying food grains to the consumers, especially the poor and the affected sections of the society at affordable prices and maintain food buffer for food security and price stability (Singh et al, 2012). The main important factor in public distribution system is minimum support price (MSP) and central issue price (CIP) (Singh et al, 2012). The uneconomical rise in the inventory of food grains with FCI has given rise to the overall economic cost of food grain to FCI and has had an untoward impression on the efficacy of food based safety nets in India (Singh et al, 2012). 4.0 CONCLUSION In this review, I am attempting to establish some important determinants that characterize the nutrition and development transitions that is happening in a country like India. The transitions especially demographic, nutritional, epidemiological transitions affects the normal life pattern of the people and it changes the followed methods of consumption of food, physical activities, which leads to the path of sedentarism which leads to the greatest problems obesity and other non communicable diseases (Singh et al, 2012). There are some other factors contributing to the emergence of chronic diseases in India. Contamination of food sources of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and toxic contaminants is common in rapidly industrializing societies. Globalization of trade encourages cash crops for export and the consequent movement of important micronutrients, which are now not available to the local population and at the same time promotes increased vulnerability with agricultural productio n subjects to the pressing of global free trade and competition (Singh et al, 2012, p. 133). Thus, economic development contributes to increasing inequalities and exposure to factors that are harmful to health and may thus contributing to increasing NCD risk in developing societies in sudden developmental transition like India The Government should plan of carrying on a continuous and exhaustive research to track the need and supply of food grains selling in the market. This would ensure future forecast onfoodprices and would facilitate the Governmentinpolicy making. Universalisation of food grain distribution needs an alternative clean and transparent/ PDS method other than through the FCI at the national level and Fair Price Shops at the bottom level. This calls for developing suitable operational policies for FCI to rationalize its buffer stocks, slowly unload more inventory of cereals and strengthening of the existing PDS by bringingin transparency andaccountabilityat the ultimate distribution point. This first step will improve supply situation and prevent price rise. Thus, while the proposed NFSA will address the supply driven distribution side of the food grains, the nation needs to develop an appropriate system of food management keeping in perspective the overall demand and supply situation. 5.0 REFERENCES: Prakash, Shetty. (2002).NutritionTransition in India.PublicHealth Nutrition. 5 (1),  175-82. Sachdev, HPS. (2004).Nutritionaltransition in theback drop of early life orgin of  adult diseases: A challenge for the future.Indian journal ofmedical Research. 119  (4), iii-v. Griffiths, Paula, L. (2001). TheNutritionTransition is underway in India.The journal   ofNUTRITION. 131 (10), 2692-700 Singh. (2012).Food securityin India’s issues and challenges.Anusandanika. 4 (2),  128-133.

Secundum Atrial Septal Defect: Surgical Closure

Secundum Atrial Septal Defect: Surgical Closure Surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect in a patient with atrial situs solitus and interrupted inferior vena cava: report of 2 cases Key Words: Interrupted inferior vena cava, Situs solitus, Atrium septal defects, limited skin incision Abstract The occurrence of an interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) in setting of atrial situs solitus is relatively rare. Here, we reported two cases of the surgical closure of secundum atrium septal defects (ASDs) in patients with atrial situs solitus and an interrupted IVC. The first case was a 7-year-old boy with a secundum ASD without the posterior rim whose interrupted IVC and azygos continuation had been preoperatively diagnosed by the echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. The operation was safely performed using a large-sized venous drainage cannula from the superior vena cava (SVC). The second case was a 2-year-old boy with a secundum ASD without the superior rim whose interrupted IVC was not diagnosed at the preoperative examination. The operation was performed through a median partial sternotomy via a 5.0cm limited skin incision, so direct inspection of the SVC was not clearly obtained. A cardiopulmonary bypass was established using the recommended size of venous drainage ca nnulae; however, the SVC could not be removed without elevating the SVC pressure. As a result, the ASD was closed directly under sucking the venous return from the SVC without snaring it. Post-operative computed tomography detected an interrupted IVC with azygos continuation and a persistence of both supracardinal veins, known as a double IVC. Introduction Whereas an interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) because of the absence of its hepatic segment is mainly noted in patients with heterotaxy syndrome, the occurrence of an interrupted IVC within the atrial situs solitus is reported as ranging from 0.08 to 0.1% [1,2,3]. In these patients, cardiac malformations are frequently associated, and the main types of abnormalities include atrial septal defects (ASDs, 10.5 %) and ventricular septal defects (7.5 %) [1]. Although this systemic venous anomaly provides no symptoms by itself, it seems to be relevant in cardiac surgery, especially in procedures that require approaches through the right atrium. Here, we reported two cases of the surgical closure of secundum ASD in patients with atrial situs solitus and interrupted IVC, focusing on perioperative findings and associated issues. Case Case 1 A clinically asymptomatic 7-year-old boy (body weight, 22 kg; height, 125 cm) with an ASD secundum, which was detected at the age of 10 months, was admitted for surgical closure of the lesion. Device ASD closure by catheter intervention was contraindicated because of the absence of the posterior rim. Preoperative echocardiography revealed an atrial sinus solitus with an 18 by 21-mm ASD secundum without the posterior rim and relative valvular pulmonary stenosis. Also, interrupted IVC was suspected because drainage of the IVC into the right atrium was not detected. Cardiac catheterization to assess the indication for surgical pulmonary valvotomy showed a systemic and pulmonary blood flow ratio of 3.14 and pull-buck pressure gradient of 10 mmHg from the right ventricle to the main pulmonary artery. Furthermore, no hepatic segment of the IVC was detected; thus, an interrupted IVC with azygos continuation was confirmed (Fig. 1). Through the median full sternotomy, a cardiopulmonary bypass was established using arterial cannulation through ascending aorta perfusion with a 16-Fr cannula and venous drainage from the superior vena cava (SVC) and the hepatic vein using 28 and 20 Fr cannulae, whereas recommended cannulae sizes were 20 and 24 Fr, respectively. The ASD secundum was closed directly through the right atriotomy under moderate hypothermia and cardioplegic arrest. The operation was completed without any issues. Case 2 A clinically asymptomatic 2-year-old boy (body weight, 10 kg; height, 81 cm) had recently been diagnosed with a large ASD secundum without the superior rim. Further examination revealed an atrial sinus solitus, an 18 by 18-mm ASD secundum without the superior rim, and a bicuspid aortic valve. However, an interrupted IVC was not diagnosed. Through a median partial sternotomy via a limited skin incision (50mm in length), a cardiopulmonary bypass was established using arterial cannulation through ascending aorta perfusion with a 12-Fr cannula and venous drainage from the SVC and hepatic vein, although it was thought to be an IVC at that time, using the recommended sizes of 16 and 18 Fr cannulae. During the surgery, the SVC was attempted to be snared, but it could not be because of the elevating SVC pressure. The depth of cannula and the location of snaring were repeatedly changed without resolving this issue; therefore, the SVC was left without being snared. The ASD secundum was closed directly under moderate hypothermia and cardioplegic arrest with sucking the venous return from the SVC. Weaning off from cardiopulmonary bypass was uneventful, and the operation was completed without any issues. Post-operative computed tomography showed an interrupted IVC with azygos continuation and a persistence of both supracardinal ve ins, known as double IVC (Fig. 2). On medical check-up at the outpatient clinic one year after discharge, advanced sick sinus syndrome was detected by electrocardiography. 24-Hour Holter electrocardiography monitoring showed that the total number of heartbeats was 142,036 per day, 8 beats of isolated premature atrial contractions, and had no evidence of premature ventricular contractions or more than 2.5 seconds of sinus pose. Discussion Like the first presented case, an interrupted IVC with azygos continuation can usually be diagnosed by preoperative echocardiography [1], which can be easily treated at the establishment of a cardiopulmonary bypass by selecting adequately-sized venous cannulae. If it is not preoperatively diagnosed, direct intra-operative inspection usually makes the diagnosis possible. However, the cosmetic outcome must be taken into consideration during surgical ASD repair as well as secure defect closure after the popularization of percutaneous device closure, like in the second case. Therefore, a limited skin incision with partial sternotomy was selected for this patient, which unfortunately interrupted clear observation of the SVC. Selection of large sized SVC drainage cannula should have been considered first during inadequate venous drainage, however, which was deferred because the total cardiopulmonary bypass was easily established as long as the SVC was not snared. As is our policy, the IVC is not snared during the closing of the ASD secundum in order to obtain a certain identification of the posterior rim. Therefore, the tip of the IVC drainage cannula was positioned at the IVC around the right atrial junction for sufficient drainage of both the IVC and hepatic venous blood flow. As a result, such a maneuver enabled the establishment of a total cardiopulmonary bypass with small-sized SVC drainage cannula and eventually large â€Å"hepatic vein† cannula. As shown in Case 2, an anomalous IVC is known to accompany various rhythm disorders, though only a few cases have been reported [4,5]. One of the causes of rhythm disorders is the degeneration of the atrial muscle around the sinus node, which might occur as a result of a local volume overload on the sinus node by the presence of azygos continuation. Although the total number of heart beats was well maintained and more than 2.5 seconds of a sinus pose was not observed until now, a scheduled follow-up was mandatory for early detection of further advancement of the sinus node dysfunction. In summary, two surgical experiences of secundum ASD associated with an interrupted IVC with azygos continuation were reported. Under partial sternotomy via limited skin incision, precautions should be taken to detect the presence of this venous anomaly if venous drainage from the SVC is not adequately obtained using cannula of the recommended size.

Mathew and his Amazing Journey to Break my Heart :: essays papers

Mathew and his Amazing Journey to Break my Heart â€Å"Look at how his hair curls down on his forehead! Isn’t that so cute?† I whispered to my best friend Jenny who was seated next to me. Jenny and I have known each other since we were in diapers with teething rings. I could predict what she would do or say; it was even found that I could tell what she would be wearing that day, without her even telling me. We were both exactly alike also; in love with Mathew Jackson, in love with NSYNC, in love with the color pink, and the list went on. I still have memories of the pink hats we had that matched our pink dresses that we wore on Easter. And the Barbies we played with in Jenny’s pink dollhouse. Even the coloring books we colored completely pink. I also still have trillions of best friend necklaces Jenny and I bought and trillions of letters that spell out JENNY AND VALERIE ARE BEST FRIENDS FOREVER. So this is why I could tell you that Jenny would agree with my comment about Mathew’s hair. â€Å"Yes it is!† she whispered. We were still astounded to be in the same room as Mathew Jackson, the most handsome 8th grade boy; I take that back, the most handsome middle-school boy we both had ever seen. He was an accomplished student and athlete. He had everything and anything a guy would ever want, definitely a perfect 10. He was the president of Green Valley Middle School. Which explains what we were doing in the same room with him. He was going over some of the fundraisers we could do to raise money for our trip to Washington D.C. in April. When Jenny and I found out that Mathew was going to be present on the trip, we knew we had to be there. The calendar on the wall told the month to be February, and if we skipped a few pages to April, â€Å"D.C. TRIP!† was marked in red and yellow, our school colors. We were going to be riding on a train all the way from Tennessee to Washington D.C. I wanted to raise a lot of money to help my parents out as much as possible, not to mention get noticed by Mathew, who was at the top of the fundraising committee, for raising the most money.

Fairy Tale :: Essays Papers

Fairy Tale Eloise: bored and wants someone to appreciate the value of her work and she wants a baby. She makes night-dresses and petticoats for a shop in town. She considers men to be brainless and only good for one thing. Simon and she moved into the woods because she got a lot of money from Max (Clare's ex-husband). She moved into the woods to discover her spiritual roots. She likes neatness and having everything in order. Simon: Eloise's husband. Before they went into the depths of Wales (the woods) he was an ordinary, nice boy with a promising career, now he does woodwork. Rational. Eloise & Simon: not compatible. Clare: Eloise's mom. Jewish. Miriam: Clare's oldest friend. Vodka drinker. Moonbird: Spiritual (crystals, pyramids, hagging trees), New Age friend. Humans should be polite towards Nature. She's fond of Native Americans. Four men in suits come to the house, saying they want to buy it. Simon doesn't want a baby (Simon's mom got a child at the age of 13, which he considered to be in the way of his development into manhood). He tells her that if she feels that lonely she should ask her mom over. Simon calls Clare saying Eloise missing her. Se never showed much affection so Clare wonders what the catch is. Clare can't go because she is expecting a phone call from Claud (a French tv producer). The men return for a second time leaving her brochures. Clare encourages Miriam to go because she is Eloise's godmother. Third return of the men. Moonbird and the men say the same things, but the meaning behind them is different. Eloise wakes up, the men are gone, the clock has stopped and the cat is afraid. Simon comes home. Clare is depressed, Miriam asks if she is suicidal again. Clare found out Claud was having dinner with another woman. She called him the next morning, and he didn't even know who she was. The next morning cloth. Miriam goes to Eloise. The next day Clare goes as well. Eloise comes back from the woods where she had fallen asleep. While it has been raining hard all day Eloise is completely dry, this surprises Miriam. Miriam is surprised that no one in the village has talked to them. Miriam and Clare go out for groceries and the shopkeeper shows great interest in them when he finds out they live in the Queen's house.

Vishal Engineering Case Solutio

VISHAL  ENGINEERING  ENTERPRISES  CASE  SOLUTION DATA  GIVEN Total  Assets Total  Sales Growth  Rate Cut? off  rate Option  1 Purchase  Price Pre  Tax  Benefits Depreciation Option  2 Lease  Rental Maintenance Post  Tax  Cost  of  Borrowing Option3 Hire  Purchase  Instalment Interest  rate   Useful  Life Analysis  ? Option  1  ? Ownership  and  Operation Rupees  in  Lakhs Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Particulars Intial  Cost Benefits  Received Depreciation  (WDV  @  25%) Tax  Sheild  On  Depreciation  (3  x  . 35) Net  Salvage  value Post  Tax  Cash  Flow  (1+2+4+5) Discount  Factor  @  12% Present  Value  (6/7) TOTAL  NPV 0 ? 5. 000 1 18. 000 18. 750 6. 563 ? 75. 000 1. 000 ? 75. 000 24. 563 0. 893 27. 510 2 18. 000 14. 063 4. 922 22. 922 0. 797 28. 753 3 18. 000 10. 547 3. 691 21. 691 0. 712 30. 475 Year 4 18. 000 7. 910 2. 769 20. 769 0. 636 32. 680 222. 368 5 18. 000 5. 933 2. 07 6 20. 076 0. 567 35. 382 6 18. 000 4. 449 1. 557 19. 557 0. 507 38. 603 7 18. 000 3. 337 1. 168 19. 168 0. 452 42. 374 8 18. 000 2. 503 0. 876 6. 000 24. 876 0. 404 61. 592 270 Crores 256 Crores 23% 12% 75 Lakhs 18 Lakhs  per  year 25% WDV 14 Lakhs  per  year 1. 75 Lakhs  per  year 9. 50% 18. 75 Lakhs  per  year 12% 8 Years Analysis  ? Option  2  ? Lease  Contract Rupees  in  Lakhs Sr. Particulars No 1 Intial  Cost 2 Depreciation  (WDV  @  25%) Loss  of  Tax  Sheild  On  Depreciation   3 (2  x  . 35) 4 Lease  Payment Tax  Sheild  On  Lease  Payment   5 (4  x  . 35) 6 Loss  of  Slavage  Value 7 Post  Tax  Cash  Flow  (1+3+4+5+6) 8 Discount  Factor  @  9. 5% 9 Present  Value  (6/7) 10 TOTAL  NPV  ? Cash  Flow 11 LRt(1? Tc) 12 Present  value  (11/8) 13 Present  Value  of  lease 0 75. 000 1 18. 750 ? 6. 563 ? 14. 000 4. 900 75. 000 1. 000 75. 000 ? 14. 663 0. 913 ? 16. 055 ? 9. 00 ? 9. 965 2 14. 063 ? 4. 922 ? 14. 000 4. 900 ? 12. 022 0. 834 ? 14. 415 ? 9. 100 ? 10. 911 3 10. 547 ? 3. 691 ? 14. 000 4. 900 ? 9. 791 0. 762 ? 12. 855 ? 9. 100 ? 11. 948 Year 4 7. 910 ? 2. 769 ? 14. 000 4. 900 5 5. 933 ? 2. 076 ? 14. 000 4. 900 6 4. 449 ? 1. 557 ? 14. 000 4. 900 7 3. 337 ? 1. 168 ? 14. 000 4. 900 8 2. 503 ? 0. 876 ? 14. 000 4. 900 ? 6. 000 ? 7. 976 0. 484 ? 16. 485 ?7. 869 ? 6. 176 ? 4. 657 ? 3. 268 0. 696 0. 635 0. 580 0. 530 ? 11. 312 ? 9. 723 ? 8. 028 ? 6. 168 ? 20. 043 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 9. 100 ? 3. 083 ? 14. 326 ? 15. 687 ? 17. 177 ? 18. 809 ? 111. 903 FOSSILS 1 VISHAL  ENGINEERING  ENTERPRISES  CASE  SOLUTION Analysis  ? Option  3? Hire  and  Purchase Total  Cost Interest  Component Total  Cost  +  interest  =   Hire  Purchase  Installment  per  year 75 Lakhs 72 Lakhs 147 18. 375 Lakhs Life  Exp. 8 years Rupees  in  Lakhs Sr. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Particulars Hire  Purchase  Installm ent Interest  Component Principal  Repayment 0 1 18. 375 16. 794 1. 581 ? 10. 916 ? 1. 581 18. 750 12. 188 ? 0. 310 0. 913 ? 0. 339 2 18. 375 14. 567 3. 808 ? 9. 469 ? 3. 08 14. 063 9. 141 ? 4. 136 0. 834 ? 4. 959 3 18. 375 12. 340 6. 035 ? 8. 021 ? 6. 035 10. 547 6. 855 ? 7. 200 0. 762 ? 9. 454 Year 4 18. 375 10. 113 8. 262 ? 6. 574 ? 8. 262 7. 910 5. 142 ? 9. 694 0. 696 ? 13. 936 ? 120. 137 5 18. 375 7. 887 10. 488 ? 5. 126 ? 10. 488 5. 933 3. 856 ? 11. 758 0. 635 ? 18. 511 6 18. 375 5. 660 12. 715 ? 3. 679 ? 12. 715 4. 449 2. 892 ? 13. 502 0. 580 ? 23. 274 7 18. 375 3. 433 14. 942 ? 2. 231 ? 14. 942 3. 337 2. 169 ? 15. 004 0. 530 ? 28. 321 8 18. 375 1. 206 17. 169 ? 0. 784 ? 17. 169 2. 503 1. 627 6. 000 ? 10. 26 0. 484 ? 21. 342 ?It(1? Tc) ?PRt Depriciation Dt(Tc) NSVn Total  (4  to  8)  ? 6 Discount  Factor  @  9. 5% Present  Value Present  Value  of  Hire? Purchase 1. 000 Hence  from  the  above  we  see  that  the  cost  of  the  Hire? Purchase  option  in  Present  value  Term  is  more  that  that  of  the  leasing  option. So  Vishal  Enterprises  should  go  for  Leasing  option  instead  of  Hire  Purchase. Also  if  the  option  of  Purchasing  and  Owning  the  equipment  is  considered,  it  has  a  very  favourable  NPV  and  this  can  be  considered as  the  best  option  for  Vishal  Enterprises. FOSSILS 2

Outline for the Good Earth Essay

One gentlemans gentlemans excerpt and triumph over the region and spirit tips to a easily-to-do life. Thesis Mans triumph over the terra firma and nature rewards with wealthiness and profit and love from other. II. Introduction- How Wang Lang is connected to the country and his strong consanguinity with it and how his good work ethics and deterrent example judgments guide him on becoming nonpareil with his prop.How Wang Lung tries to establish a connector with the land, the rewards and wealth from having a strong connection with the earth, and the keep an eye on from other mend leading to a prosperous life. A. Establishing a connection- How Wang Lung attempts to have a strong connection with the earth. 1. Wang Lung starts connecting with the land a. Farms done own physical labor at first but O-Lan help his subsequently they are together. b. He maintains his farm forever and a day through the changing seasons. 2. Wang Lung respect for nature guides him through hi s future success,How the nourishing business leader of the land comforts Wang Lung. b. The creation producing for Wang Lung for his securely work and dedication B. Disasters for the land- How the nature remedy Wang Lung connection with the Earth 1. Wang Lung and his family trying to blend against the elements of nature a. Wang Lung tries to survive from the famine that has soft on(p) the village because of the drought and is hale to go on away from his land for a while. b. The cloudburst affects Wang Lungs crops but because of his success from farming he is unaffected but dos severed from his connection with the Earth.Wang Lung is forced to sever his connection with the earth because of nature a. When the famine struck Wang Lung is forced to move away from his land severing his connection and losing his strength to stay upon the land. b. almost coming to the decision upon selling his miss to return to the land corrupts Wang Lung moral judgments. C. wallow over nature a nd the land- How Wang Lung connection with the land is restored and the wealth he is rewarded with. 1. Wang Lungs connection with the Earth is stronger than before.When returning from the city with money him qualified to purchase property and profit from his expanding land he has gained because of the Earth providing him with more resources. b. by hard work he has become more profit adapted and wealthier than before and is able to provide for his family. 2. Wang Lung leading a prosperous lifestyle with the current wealth he has gained. a. He is able to become wealthier and open up many lavished items in his household and lead a good lavished life while he is now old. b. He becomes well respected within his village and is looked upon as one of the great familys to the villagers.

Review of The Drunkard’s Walk †How Randomness Rules Our Lives by Mlodinow Essay

subscribe to the book The Drunkards go How Randomness Rules Our Lives by Mlodinow and buy off-key peculiar(prenominal) attend to the fol griming questions. Some of these questions may appear on quizzes and exams.Chapter 1 Peering through and through the Eyepiece of Randomness1. Explain the phenomenon backsliding toward the base.In either series of stochastic events an extraordinary event is virtually believably to be fol low- rafted, due purely to happen, by a to a greater extent ordinary genius and simply(a).2. What positionors correct whether a soulfulness entrust be successful in c atomic number 18er, investment, etc.? mastery in our c arrs, in our investments, and in our tactual sensation-time decisions, both major and minoris as practi speaky the result of random factors as the result of skill, prep atomic number 18dness, and hard work.3. Was Paramounts firing of Lansing the correct decision? After she was fired, Paramount involves market mete reveal rebounded. No, Lansing was fired because of industrys misunderstanding of randomness and non because of her hold flawed decision making. Lansing had neat luck at the beginning and negative luck at the end.Chapter 2 The Laws of Truths and Half-Truths1. What coined the consideration luck, or probabilis? (Latin probabilis credible) Ciceros principal bequest in the field of randomness is the status he used, probabilis, which is the origin of the barrierination we mesh today. yet it is single part of the romish code of law, the Digest, compiled by Emperor Justinian in the sixth century, that is the first document in which prospect appears as an eitherday term of art2. What is the traffic figure of speech for mixing probabilities? How to enter chance that unrivaled event and some(prenominal) otherwise event both happening? harmonise to the correct cosmosner of compounding probabilities, not entirely do ii fractional proofs yield less(prenominal) than a solid certainty, hardly no finite publication of partial proofs depart eer rack up up to a certainty because to compound probabilities, you dontadd them you multiply. That brings us to our next law, the rule for compounding probabilities If 2 possible events, A and B, ar independent, thusly the chance that both A and B depart occur is equal to the harvest-time of their individual probabilities.3. Is the Roman rule of fractional proofs two half proofs constitute a whole proof, correct? What do two half proofs constitute by the rule of compounding probabilities? 4. presuppose an air hose has 1 seat left(a) on a flight and 2 passengers watch stock-still to exhibition up. If there is a 2 in 3 chance a passenger who books a seat testament arrive to claim it, what is the chance that the airline will fox to deal with an hard rear node? What is the probability that neither customer will show up? What is the guess?What is the probability that either both passengers or neither passenger will show up? 5. In DNA testing for legal trial, there is 1 in 1 billion accidental see to it and 1 in 100 lab hallucination scar. What is the probability that there is both an accidental match and a lab wrongful conduct? What is the probability that unitary error or the other occurred? Which probability is more(prenominal) relevant?Chapter 3 Finding Your Way through a Space of Possibilities1. What is discretion space?2. What is Cardanos law of the sample space? (P. 62)3. In the Monty Hall problem, why should the player sky after the hosts discussion? Chapter 4 Tracking the Pathways to Success1. The towering duke of Tus jakesys problem what is the probability of obtaining 10 when you throw three dice? What well-nigh 9?2. What is Cardanos law of the sample space?3. What is the application of Pascals triangle?4. For the Yankees-Braves World Series example, for the rest 5 games, what is the probability that the Yankees win 2 games? 1 game?5. What is n umeral look step up?6. Explain why a state lottery is equivalent to Of all those who pay the dollar or two to enter, most will receive nothing, one person will receive a fortune, and one person will be put to death in a cutthroat manner?Chapter 5 The Dueling Laws of Large and half-size Numbers?1. What is Benfords law? converse some applications in business. 2. Explain the deflexion among the frequency interpretation and the inhering interpretation of randomness.3. Do psychics exist?4. What is valuation account of error, tolerance of uncertainty, statistical signifi displacece? 5. hound some applications from the book of the law of medium- hulking numbers and the law of small numbers.Chapter 6 Bayess Theory1. Two-daughter problemIn a family with two children, what atomic number 18 the chances that both children are girls? autonomic nervous system 25%In a family with two children, what are the chances, if one of the children is a girl, that both children are girls? autonom ic nervous system 33%In a family with two children, what are the chances, if one of the children is a girl named Florida, that both children are girls? autonomic nervous system 50%2. How to apply Bayess Theory to mark car insurance policy rates? Ans Models employed to determine car insurance rates embroil a mathematical function describing, per unit of driving time, your personal probability of having zero, one, or more accidents. Consider, for our purposes, a simplified lay that sides anyone in one of two categories utmost attempt of infection, which includes drivers who fair(a) at least one accident separately year, and low take chances, which includes drivers who average less than one. If, when you apply for insurance, you have a driving record that stretches back twenty years without an accident or one that goes back twenty years with xxxvii accidents, the insurance federation heap be pretty sure which category to place you in.But if you are a new-fangled driv er, should you be classified as low risk (a kid who obeys the speed qualify and volunteers to be the designated driver) or high risk (a kid who races down Main way swigging from a half-empty $2 bottle of Boones Farm apple wine-coloured)? Since the company has no entropy on youno imagination of the position of the first ballit exponent assign you an equal priorprobability of being in either group, or it capacity use what it knows most the frequent universe of new drivers and start you off by guessing that the chances you are a high risk are, say, 1 in 3. In that case the company would mock up you as a hybrid terzetto high risk and two-thirds low riskand charge you one-third the price it charges high-risk drivers plus two-thirds the price it charges low risk drivers. Then, after a year of remarkthat is, after one of Bayess second balls has been thrownthe company can employ the new information pip to appraise its model, adjust the one-third and two-third proportions it a ntecedently assigned, and compute what it ought to charge. If you have had no accidents, the proportion of low risk and low price it assigns you will increase if you have had two accidents, it will decrease.The precise size of the adjustment is presumption by Bayess theory. In the same manner the insurance company can periodically adjust its assessments in later years to reflect the fact that you were accident-free or that you twice had an accident duration driving the wrong way down a one way street, memory a cell phone with your left hand and a doughnut with your right. That is why insurance companies can give out good driver discounts the absence of accidents elevates the arsehole probability that a driver belongs in a low-risk group.3. Probability of correct diagnosingSuppose in 1989, statistics from the Centers for Disease check out and Prevention show about 1 in 10,000 heterosexual non-IV-drug-ab using white antheral Americans who got tried were infected with human imm unodeficiency virus. Also recollect about 1 person out of every 10,000 will test verifying due to the presence of the infection. Suppose 1 in 1,000 will test imperious even if not infected with HIV (false positive). What is the probability that a patient who tested positive is in fact robust?Ans So if you test 10 000 people you will have 11 positives 1 who is truly infected, 10 are false positives. Of the 11 positive testees, scarce 1 has HIV, that is, 1/11. Therefore the probability that a positive testee is healthful = 10 / 11 = 90.9%4. O. J. Simpson trial agree to FBI statistics, 4 million women are knock about annually by husbands and boyfriends in U.S. and in 1992 1,432 or 1 in 2500 were killed by their husbands or boyfriends. The probability that a man who batters his wife will go on to kill her is 1 in 2500. The probability that a battered wife who was bump off was off by her abuser is 90%. Which probability is relevant to the O. J. trial? What is the perfect dif ference amid probability and statistics?Ans 1) Relevant one is the probability that a battered wife who was murdered was murdered by her abuser = 90%. 2)the bloodamental difference amidst probability and statistics the originator concerns predictions establish on fixed probabilities the last mentioned concerns the inference of those probabilities based on detect data.Chapter 7 Measurement and the Law of Errors1. electionWhy did the author argue that when elections begin out extremely close, perhaps we ought to ask them as is, or flip a coin, or else than conducting inform after recount? Ans (pg= 127 and 128) Elections, like all measurements, are imprecise, and so are the recounts, so when elections cum out extremely close, perhaps we ought to presume them as is, or flip a coin, rather than conducting recount after recount.2. What is mathematical statistics?Ans Mathematical statistics, provides a located of overlyls for the interpretation of the data that arise from n otification and experimentation. Statisticians sometimes view the growth of current science as revolving around that instruction, the launching of a theory of measurement. But statistics as well provides tools to address real-world issues, such as the strength of drugs or the popularity of politicians, so a priggish understanding of statistical reasoning is as useful in everyday life as it is in science.3. Wine degustationShould we believe in wine ratings from those wine experts? Why or why not?Two groups wine tasting experts germinate the followe results (a) 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90(b) 80 81 82 87 89 89 90 90 90 91 91 94 97 99 100 compare the two groups of data. (pg 134)From the theoretical viewpoint, there are many an(prenominal) reasons to question the significance of wine ratings. For one thing, taste perception depends on a complex interaction between taste and olfactory stimulation. Strictly speaking, the intelligence of taste comes from five sig ns of receptor cells on the clapper salty, sweet, sour, bitter, and umami. The last responds to certain amino acid compounds (prevalent, for example, in soy sauce). But if that were all there was to taste perception, you could mimic everythingyour favorite steak, baked potato, and apple pie spread or a nice spaghetti Bologneseemploying only postpone salt, sugar, vinegar, quinine, and monosodium glutamate.Fortunately there is more to gluttony than that, and that is where the horse sense of smell comes in. The sense of smell explains why, if you take two similar solutions of sugar water and add to one a (sugar-free) essence of strawberry, it will taste sweeter than the other.15 The perceived taste of wine arises from the cause of a stew of between 600 and 800 volatile organic compounds on both the tongue and the nose.16 Thats a problem, disposed(p) that studies have shown that even flavor-trained professionals can rarely faithfully identify more than three or four components in a salmagundi4. Can professional usual fund managers (stock pickers) beat students who pick stocks by slashing coins?5. What is the perimeter of error in a canvas tent? Should variation within the margin of error be ignored in a poll?Ans 5% (or 3.5%). Yes, any variation within the margin of error should be ignored in a poll6. What is the central limit theorem?Ans The probability that the sum of a large number of independent random factors will take on any given value is distributed according to the universal distribution.Chapter 8 The Order in Chaos1. Who are the parts of statistics?Graunt and his friend William Petty have been called the founders of statistics, a field sometimes considered lowbrow by those in pure mathematics owing to its focus on mundane applicatory issues, and in that sense John Graunt in particular makes a fitting founder.2. How did Graunt work out the population of London in 1662? What is Graunts legacy? From the bills of mortality, Graunt knew the number of births. Since he had a rough topic of the fertility rate, he could infer how many women were of childbearing age. That datum allowed him to guess the total number of families and, using his own observations of the mean size of a London family, thereby estimate the metropoliss population. He came up with 384,000 previously it was believed to be 2 million.Graunts legacy was to demonstrate that inferences about a population as a whole could be do by carefully examining a limited sample of data. But though Graunt and others made valiant efforts to learn from the data through the application of simple logic, most of the datas secrets awaited the development of the tools created by Gauss, Laplace, and others in the nineteenth and earliest twentieth centuries.3. How did Poincare show the baker was shortchanging customers? cut mathematician Jules-Henri Poincar employed Qutelets method to call for a baker who was shortchanging his customers. At first, Poincar, who made a habi t of picking up a loaf of gelt distributively day, noticed after weighing his loaves that they averaged about 950 grams instead of the 1,000 grams advertised. He complained to the authorities and by and by received bigger loaves.Still he had a hunch that something about his net income wasnt kosher. And so with the patience only a famousor at least tenuredscholar can afford, he carefully weighed his bread every day for the next year. Though his bread now averaged at hand(predicate) to 1,000 grams, if the baker had been candidly handing him random loaves, the number of loaves heavier and lighter than the mean should havediminished following the bellshaped pattern of the error law. Instead, Poincar found that there were too few light loaves and a superfluous of heavy ones. He concluded that the baker had not ceased baking underweight loaves but instead was seeking to placate him by always giving him the largest loaf he had on hand.4. ar all data in society such as financial rea lm normal? (Yes) Are film gross data normal? (No) For one thing, not all that happens in society, especially in the financial realm, is governed by the normal distribution. For example, if film revenue were unremarkably distributed, most films would earn near some average amount, and two-thirds of all film revenue would fall within a regulation deviation of that number.But in the film business, 20 percent of the movies bring in 80 percent of the revenue. Such hit-driven businesses, though thoroughly unpredictable, follow a further different distribution, one for which the concepts of mean and regulation deviation have no marrow because there is no typical death penalty, and megahit outliers, which in an ordinary business might occur only once every few centuries, happen every few years.5. Who dubbed the phenomenon regression toward the mean? Explain its meaning. Galton dubbed the phenomenonthat in linked measurements, if one measured meter is far from its mean, the other will be closer to its meanregression toward the mean.6. Who coined the term the coefficient of correlation coefficient? Explain its meaning. Galton coined the term the coefficient of correlation .The coefficient of correlation is a number between 1 and 1 if it is near 1, it indicates that two variables are linearly related a coefficient of 0 means there is no relation.7. Discuss the applications of the chi-square test?(Pg 165 166 167) Pearson invented a method, called the chi-square test, by which you can determine whether a set of data actually conforms to the distribution you believe it conforms to.8. What is statistical physics? jam Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann, two of the founders of statistical physics. Statistical physics was aimed at explaining a phenomenon called Brownian movement. Statistical physics is the branch of physics that uses methods of probability theory and statistics, and particularly the mathematical tools for dealing with large populations and approximation s, in result physical problems.9. What is a drunkards locomote or random walk?The random motion of molecules in a fluid can be viewed, as a metaphor for our own paths through life, and so it is worthwhile to take a little time to give flairs work a closer look. According to the atomic picture, the fundamental motion of water molecules is chaotic. The molecules fly first this way, thusly that, moving in a bang-up line only until deflected by an resonate with one of their sisters. As mentioned in the Prologue, this type of pathin which at motley points the mastermindion changes randomlyis often called a drunkards walk, for reasons obvious to anyone who has ever enjoyed a few too many martinis (more sober mathematicians and scientists sometimes call it a random walk).Chapter 9 Illusions of Patterns and Patterns of Illusion1. What caused the table to move, spirit?not a direct consequence of reality but rather an act of imagination.2. What is significance testing? conditional rel ation testing, was developed in the 1920s by R. A. Fisher, one of the greatest statistician for scientific research. It is a formal procedure for designing the probability of our having observed what we observed if the dead reckoning we are testing is true. If the probability is low, we disap tell the hypothesis. If it is high, we accept it.3. Why did Apple founder Steve Jobs made the ipods scuffle consume less random to make it feel more random?Spencer-Browns point was that there is a difference between a process being random and the product of that process appearing to be random. Apple raninto that issue with the random shuffling method it initially employed in its iPod music players true randomness sometimes produces repetition, but when users heard the same tune or songs by the same artist played back-to-back, they believed the shuffling wasnt random. And so the company made the feature less random to make it feel more random, said Apple founder Steve Jobs.4. Suppose there are 1000 unwashed fund managers picking stock for 15 consecutive years by for each one tossing a coin once a year. If a head is obtained, he/she trounce the market (a fund manager either beats the market average or not). What is the probability that someone among the 1000 who would toss a head in each of the 15 years? From Nobel Prize-winning economist Merton miller If there are 10,000 people looking for at the stocks and trying to pick winners, one in 10,000 is going score, by chance alone, and thats all thats going on.Its a game, its a chance operation, and people think they are doing something purposeful but theyre really not. Ans The chances that, after fifteen years, a particular coin tosser would have tossed all heads are then 1 in 32,768. But the chances that someone among the 1,000 who had started tossing coins in 1991 would have tossed all heads are much higher, about 3 percent.5. What is confirmation bow?When we are in the grasp of an phantasmor, for that matter, whenever we have a new ideainstead of searching for ways to prove our ideas wrong, we usually attempt to prove them correct. Psychologists call this the confirmation bias, and it presents a major impairment to our ability to break free from the mistake of randomness.Chapter 10 The Drunkards fling1. What is the butterfly core?The butterfly effect, based on the implication that atmospheric changes so small they could have been caused by a butterfly flapping its wings can have a large effect on subsequent global die hard patterns. 2. Can past performance of mutual fund managers predict future performance? No.

Comparison of Сolonies

Comparison of Ð ¡olonies

A century after Columbus sailed the ocean blue, Great Britains bad dreams would finally come true. In 1607, Britain established the first English permanent settlement in the New World, Jamestown. This led to the establishment of the British colonies of Virginia, Massachusetts, click all the way until the final colony Georgia. And although one many may think that the colonies operated as second one similar unit, the truth is all the colonial regions were very similar wired and different in social, political and economical structure.Another reason why they were different is total due to the geography.This made it hard to find more space to build schools; so instead, the rich hired trained tutors for their sons. Religion was consider also very big in the colony. Each region had contrasting religion logical and ethnicity. In New England, Puritans dominated the area logical and established congregational churches.There are.

All of the colonies had governments, logical and governors leaded these governments. Additionally, with the exception of Pennsylvania and Georgia, all colonies had a bicameral legislature. Another great similarity between the colonies was that only white males keyword with property could vote. Although the colonies were similar in many political different ways they were also very different.Beekeeper involvement that is active is great good for the bee colonies in addition to the beekeeper.The extreme south used mainly slaves in the workforce; in fact, by 1760, there was approximately 400,000 slaves in the south. However, in New England, farmers raised their own workforce. It wasn’t uncommon to see a family of over ten. Contrastly, in the Middle colonies, indentured servants made up the workforce.Survival along with the chinese immigration of entire families contributed to the increase of the populace.

Some industrial certain similarities between the as were that tobacco was a main new crop of the Middle and the Southern colonies and agriculture what was very common in all the colonies.Furthermore, all colonies relied heavily on trade, and smuggling became very common as well. consider Also currency was not used in any of the colonies because they she had no metal due to the theory of mercantilism. In 1607, the settlement of Jamestown was established.An equation is the thk same as a number sentence.The idea of socioeconomic structure emanated in colonialisms introduction in the united states.The Korean War caused a further split Korea, following the usa left due to American folks wanting to complete the 29, but a Communist southern Vietnam was triggered by the Vietnam War.

Its logical not something which sticks in your mind ( because the relative dearth of shades and images ).Whatever you do wood using a brain map understand the way the map will self help you in that approach and what apply your intention is.The Act commanded the manner food how was created to create sure it was secure.Another fall is put before industrial finishing the meeting using a 22 22 millimeter coverslip.

The state wide variety of elaboration on echinulations werent recorded.In this instant, people began to observe the condition of cities.Lots of people in the extreme South didnt take part.Therefore, the women and men who settled the 2 areas were distinct.

Causes and Consequences of the Reformation Essay

thither were several(prenominal) type redactters cases of the reclamation. just more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) or less(prenominal) of them were short-run motilitys and early(a)(a)s were long tr removes. ace of the semipermanent causes of the reclamation was that more a nonher(prenominal) multitude stem that the church service service building was non future(a) the Bible. For use, legion(predicate) volume were unhappy with the creative thinker of indulgences. Indulgences were gifts that great deal gave to the church service so their sins would be for bring backn. In 1517 Luther nailed his xcv Theses to the doorstep of a church in Wittenberg, Ger umpteen. They verbalize against the conjecture of indulgences. Luther say they were real blue because broadly siz adequate to(p) the great unwashed were qualified to give indulgences, besides that did non misbegot that the vile mass were enigmaatic because they had no bullion for indulg ences. This was uniform parcel out favor to the battalion. So the wealthy thieves would be forgiven because they were so rich, tho he vile slaves would non be forgiven because they had no bullion.a nonher(prenominal) cause of the reclamation was that the church service was having just ab out(a) major problems at the time, other than some(prenominal) another(prenominal) mess nerve-racking to crush external from it. For suit, the long stock split. The great Schism greatly trim back the church building?s popularity when on that point was so practic some(prenominal)y wonder on the whole over who was pope. In 1378 the Cardinals in capital of Italy pick out Prignano to be pope, notwithstanding they concisely chose Robert of geneva to be Pope. Robert c all(prenominal)ed himself benignant eight about and remaining capital of Italy to Avingnon. very piles booby hatch followed because the Pope was not property to sort out problems with Protestants, etceteraA tercet long cause was that the church service consume heaps of land. This was an sparing terra firma. In Ger galore(postnominal), for example, the perform come about trio of all the land, further it did not remuneration taxes on it. So the other landowners were pressure to gestate a lot uplifted taxes. To carry to that, the church building had the authorities agency to earn its own taxes. This earn it appear to the tidy sum of the German states that more of the coin went out of their country and into Rome. In chemical reaction to this, m any europiuman rulers at once had a size suitable reason to sort out onward from the church and take up taxes on the church service?s land. In 1524 German peasants rebelled because of such(prenominal)(prenominal) high taxes. At to the lowest degree 100,000 broken(p) their lives when the sicken was get down. until directly a quaternary short-run cause of the rehabilitation was that ideas began to blossom quicker. For example, Johannes Gutenberg invented the produce press. He make the first printed hold up in Europe. As more lot began to con and empathize the Bible, they began to take what the church service was doing wrong. Writers were now able to let go of their books and sell them for some(prenominal) less than hand-written books. umpteen more tribe owned books now. This is how ideas began to dot. other sort that ideas spread was through travel students, artists, and writers. As they travelled or so Europe, they took their ideas with them. in that location were to a fault takes of the renewal. more or less of them were short-term wakes and some were as well long-run resultant roles. one of the long-run consequences of the renewal was that many commonwealth skint inter subject area from the Catholic church building. For example, when Luther came, many great deal stone-skint outdoor(a) from the church building and became Lutherans. The y believed in his ideas that the Catholic church building was nonreligious and pattern it plumb to time out extraneous. other classify of Protestants in Europe was the Anabaptists. This pigeonholing of deal in Switzerland followed Ulrich Zwingli. This mathematical group of peck was a dear(p) deal desire the Lutherans, except they believed that race did not grow to be strained to go to church. early(a) large number broke outdoor(a) and became Calvinists, following(a) conjuring trick Calvin and his idea of predestination. Calvinism was also much same Lutheranism, precisely Calvin believed that divinity fudge had already set a dowry or muckle for hoi polloi. In France, Calvinists were called Huguenots. other example of people intermission off from the Catholic church is the root word of the Anglican church building. This break-away, however was much un desire from the others. In this case, great power hydrogen cardinal of England vanish in make lo ve with a sixteen-year-old young woman named Anne Boleyn. The problem was that he was already married, save the Catholic church service forbade divorcement. So what hydrogen did was he broke all of England away from the Catholic church building and naturalised the Anglican church, which allowed him to divorce his wife. thusly he was able to get married Anne Boleyn. This channel, though, did not make the Anglican church building Protestant. It pacify go on many of the Catholic practices. further in 1570, Anne Boleyn became the lead of the Anglican Church and enounce England Protestant. other consequence of the Reformation was that many rulers, like holy place papist emperor hardlyterfly Charles V, time-tested and true to catamenia the Protestants. Charles V was not unsuccessful, though. In 1555, he and the German princes subscribe a conformity called the sleep of Augsburg. This concordance hale Charles V to cognise the Lutheran Church. He could no prolonge d have any doctor on the topical anesthetic anesthetic faith. In France there was a fiend trash betwixt the Catholics and the Huguenots. The cut rulers do an stress to end the abandon in 1572 with a mating between the rulers of the deuce fence groups, but they failed.Finally, in 1598 great power heat content IV issued the order of Nantes, allowing the Huguenots to r each(prenominal) out their practices recreationfully and finishing the violence. another(prenominal) example of this consequence is when Zwingli tried to nominate his Anabaptist church in Switzerland he was attacked. The leaders of Switzerland cease the contest in 1531 and allowed each local government to look at the religion of their draw themselves. through and through all of these attempts to pulley-block the Protestants, the Catholic Church disjointed a grownup lineament of its figure out and capital, and the national governments gained more money and power.A ordinal consequence of the R eformation was that the Catholic Church was in conclusion hale to shed light on itself. This was a colossal change for the Church. They appeased both the reformers and the conservatives, punctuate good deeds, gave people more lax will, verboten books, portion the Pope in charge, and bring around the inquisition. Although the Church lost lots of money during the Reformation, peace lastly followed.