How The Veil And Double Consciousness Theory - 1590 Words

How does the contributions of W.E.B Dubois fit into the world today? In order to dive into this topic we can follow the works of social theorist W.E.B. Dubois and the effect they may have on black athletes. Dubois introduced the world to sociological theories such as the veil and double consciousness. In this analysis, I will provide examples of how the Veil and Double Consciousness theories contribute to today’s society by observing professional black athletes. Dubois understood what it meant to be a black man having to identify with two mindsets. Yet, individuals would find it hard to walk a mile in those shoes. â€Å"The Negro is a sort of seventh son, born with a veil, and gifted with second-sight in this American world, a world which yields him no true self-consciousness, but only lets him see himself through the revelation of the other world† (Dubois 1). The discrimination between perception of the other and its relation to internal self can be viewed as DuBois s veil concept or double-consciousness theory. â€Å"One ever feels his two-ness, an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder† (Dubois 1). Dubois stresses the difference between internal and external forces which contribute to certain perceptions. Double-consciousness can be a noticed but rarely analyzed subject among athletes of color. The role as a professional athlete can add plenty ofShow MoreRelatedBlack Folk Analysis On The Double Consciousness Theory Essay908 Words   |  4 Pages Re-examining W.E.B Du Bois’ Souls of Black Folk analysis on the double consciousness theory INTRODUCTION: In 1903 the brilliant historican and sociologist W.E.B Du Bois’ introduced his theory known as the Double-Conciousness in Souls of Black Folk Bois provides his readers with insight on the treatment of people of color, and supports this notion by giving personal examples of his experiences. He writes with the hope that many will understand the diffculty of having to be obtain two personalitiesRead MoreHow The Veil And Double Consciousness989 Words   |  4 PagesHow do racial identities play a role in the development of professional athletes? In order to dive into this topic we can follow the works of social theorist W.E.B. Dubois. Dubois introduced the world to sociological theories such as the veil and double consciousness. This analysis of the racial consciousness of athletes is based upon DuBois s works. In this research, I will provide examples of how the Veil and Double Consciousness theories play out in current professional sports. Dubois understoodRead MoreDouble Consciousness1491 Words   |  6 PagesDouble Consciousness: An Explanation in Terms of Simmel and Mead Dr. Muhammed Asadi SOAN 360- Sociological Theory The term double consciousness, simply put, refers to the psychological challenge of reconciling an African heritage with a European upbringing and education. Similarly, the term the veil refers to the physical and metaphysical differences between blacks and whites. These expressions originated from an Atlantic Monthly article by W. E. B. Du Bois called â€Å"Strivings of the Negro PeopleRead MoreKarl Marx s The Soul Of Black Folks 947 Words   |  4 Pagesregardless of how much the capitalists advance, individual freedom for all of humanity did not abolish racism. On the other hand, critics believed that discrimination was more than segregation and the lack of intelligence because the organizations that form society allowed inequality to grow and develop. During the slavery period, blacks presumed their identity from the capitalists. Furthermore, Dubois believed that black people link to African Americans worldwide (Ritzer and Stepnisky 2013). The veil is aRead MoreB. Du Bois Essay1447 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversial concepts (veils and double-consciousness). The concepts that Du Bois used to describe the quintessential African-American experience and how white-American views defined them in the 20th century. I will use scenarios to explain how these concepts affected the identity of African-Americans. W.E.B. Du Bois â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk†, was written about how racism’s affected African-American’s identity. The story exposed the substantial causes of racism and how it was used to oppressRead MoreDifferences Between Du Bois And Marx1365 Words   |  6 Pageswas also key differences, particularly the type of division in society and social groupings discussed. Marx was interested in how Social Classes were divided and the economic conditions which led to the subordination of the poor to the wealthy (Ritzer Stepnisky, 2018). Du Bois took this idea a step further and studied the ways in which society was stratified by race and how minority groups were viewed and subsequently exploited by the dominant racial groups. An intersectionality existed in Du Bois’Read MoreWhat Does You Dream Deferred? Lorraine Hansberry s Play, A Raisin And The Sun ``942 Words   |  4 Pagesto fulfill their dreams of owning a home despite the odds they face. W.E.B Du Boi s critical race theory explains the issue of racism and white dominance that not only the family in the play faces, but the African American community as a whole. American society only allows for African Americans to see themselves only through the eyes of others, according to W.E.B. Du Bois’ theory of double consciousness. Du Bois also claimed that a person’s self-identity is influenced by historical and social circumstancesRead MoreWhite Dominance During The Post Segregation Era945 Words   |  4 Pagesto fulfill their dreams of owning a home despite the odds they face. W.E.B Du Bois critical race theory explains the issue of racism and white dominance that not only the family in the play faces, but the African-American community as a whole. American society only allows for African-Americans to see themselves only through the eyes of others, according to W.E.B. Du Bois’ theory of double consciousness. Du Bois also claimed that a person’s self-identity is influenced by historical and social circumstancesRead MoreEmile Durkheim s Sociology And The Implications Of Sociology1733 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American double-consciousness and duality in the form of the problem of the â€Å"color line†; (2) The internalization of anti-black sentiment by the Negroes (3) Du Bois’s concept of the Veil and the separation of the white race from the black; and (4) Du Bois’s concept of the Negro being seen as a â€Å"problem† by the white society surrounding him. I will argue that Durkheim helps us understand not only the concepts that Du Bois introduces but also the nature of these concepts and how they affect bothRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk By William E. B. Dubois1066 Words   |  5 Pagessurvival and extra sources that could uplift and broaden the mind to do what it has the potential to do. The first chapter of â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk† gave a depiction of two prominent intervals that are cultivated in black culture, the veil and double-consciousness. Dubois wanted to bring attention to them for the productivity of social equality. His audience was not the black community, but white Americans who judged, misunderstood and moreover controlled it. He aimed to clear the narrative of the

Taking a Look at Albert Camus - 831 Words

Albert Camus Albert Camus was a philosopher, author, and journalist. He was the second son born to the parents of Lucien and Catherine Camus on November 7, 1913 in Mondovi, Algeria. The Camus family was not financially stable. Albert Camus grew up in working class suburb of Belcourt, Algeria. In the year of 1923, he was awarded a Scholarship to continue his education. Camus Attended the University of Algeris and married Simone Hie a year later. While attending college he worked two jobs and played soccer as goal keeper. Camus joined the communist party to help promote Fascism, but later wanted to be kicked out but his reason are unknown. Unfortunately, his educational journey came to an end because of his illness, he developed tuberculosis. In the year of 1939, Camus attempted to enlist in the military after several attempts, he was rejected due to his history of tuberculosis. Camus and his wife Simone divorced in late 1936. Afterwards, he could not commit to one woman. In 1940, he married Franci ne Faure they he had twin girls by the name of Catherine and Jean Camus. (Lea) Albert Camus was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1957. All of his literary work sums up in three important facts, purity, symbolism, and parallel structure. He died on January 4, 1960, in a car accident, but his work will continue to publish. (Lea) Camus life growing up was different from his literature in many ways, as well as it were similar. His writing based on life experiences. SomeShow MoreRelated Power of the Mind Revealed in Albert Camus The Guest Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesPower of the Mind Revealed in Albert Camus â€Å"The Guest† In â€Å"The Guest†, a short story written by Albert Camus, Camus uses his views on existentialism to define the characters’ values. Camus’ effective use of descriptive words and individual thoughts and actions allows the reader to understand and sympathize with the characters’ judgments of one another, predominantly pertaining to the characters Daru and the Arab. Daru’s responses to the Arab and his decisions, Camus’ description of the Arab, andRead MoreEyes in the Stranger by Albert Camus Essay928 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Stranger, Albert Camus personifies eyes as a source of knowledge. Characters come upon knowledge through many different sources from touch to hearing. The knowledge gained through eyes can range from, self discovery to understanding events taking place. Eyes and knowledge all seem to be related to Meursault. Meursault’s ability to understand events and circumstances depends on his clarity of vision. Unlike oth er characters, Meursault’s eyes do not provide knowledge, thus leaving charactersRead MoreIsolationism Of The Stranger And The Thief1397 Words   |  6 PagesIsolationism in The Stranger and The Thief Though there are multiple elements in both Albert Camus’ The Stranger, and Fuminori Nakamura’s The Thief that allow each author to develop their novels, none is more important that the deployment of isolationism. Though both Camus and Nakamura give their protagonists isolated states at an award winning level, Camus does so in a better way through the addition of how Meursault copes with elements of the absurd. One of the first things readers notice aboutRead More Anarchism in Albert Camus Short Story, The Guest Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesAnarchism in Albert Camus Short Story, The Guest [[ The Guest is a small story which can usually be found in a compilation of Camus works or in a World Literature anthology. 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Chapter 15 Beauxbatons and Durmstrang Free Essays

string(52) " Another voice had awoken in the back of his brain\." Early next morning, Harry woke with a plan fully formed in his mind, as though his sleeping brain had been working on it all night. He got up, dressed in the pale dawn light, left the dormitory without waking Ron, and went back down to the deserted common room. Here he took a piece of parchment from the table upon which his Divination homework still lay and wrote the following letter: Dear Sirius, I reckon I just imagined my scar hurting, I was half asleep when I wrote to you last time. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter 15 Beauxbatons and Durmstrang or any similar topic only for you Order Now There’s no point coming back, everything’s fine here. Don’t worry about me, my head feels completely normal. Harry He then climbed out of the portrait hole, up through the silent castle (held up only briefly by Peeves, who tried to overturn a large vase on him halfway along the fourth-floor corridor), finally arriving at the Owlery, which was situated at the top of West Tower. The Owlery was a circular stone room, rather cold and drafty, because none of the windows had glass in them. The floor was entirely covered in straw, owl droppings, and the regurgitated skeletons of mice and voles. Hundreds upon hundreds of owls of every breed imaginable were nestled here on perches that rose right up to the top of the tower, nearly all of them asleep, though here and there a round amber eye glared at Harry. He spotted Hedwig nestled between a barn owl and a tawny, and hurried over to her, sliding a little on the dropping-strewn floor. It took him a while to persuade her to wake up and then to look at him, as she kept shuffling around on her perch, showing him her tail. She was evidently still furious about his lack of gratitude the previous night. In the end, it was Harry suggesting she might be too tired, and that perhaps he would ask Ron to borrow Pigwidgeon, that made her stick out her leg and allow him to tie the letter to it. â€Å"Just find him, all right?† Harry said, stroking her back as he carried her on his arm to one of the holes in the wall. â€Å"Before the dementors do.† She nipped his finger, perhaps rather harder than she would ordinarily have done, but hooted softly in a reassuring sort of way all the same. Then she spread her wings and took off into the sunrise. Harry watched her fly out of sight with the familiar feeling of unease back in his stomach. He had been so sure that Sirius’s reply would alleviate his worries rather than increasing them. â€Å"That was a lie, Harry,† said Hermione sharply over breakfast, when he told her and Ron what he had done. â€Å"You didn’t imagine your scar hurting and you know it.† â€Å"So what?† said Harry. â€Å"He’s not going back to Azkaban because of me.† â€Å"Drop it,† said Ron sharply to Hermione as she opened her mouth to argue some more, and for once, Hermione heeded him, and fell silent. Harry did his best not to worry about Sirius over the next couple of weeks. True, he could not stop himself from looking anxiously around every morning when the post owls arrived, nor, late at night before he went to sleep, prevent himself from seeing horrible visions of Sirius, cornered by dementors down some dark London street, but betweentimes he tried to keep his mind off his godfather. He wished he still had Quidditch to distract him; nothing worked so well on a troubled mind as a good, hard training session. On the other hand, their lessons were becoming more difficult and demanding than ever before, particularly Moody’s Defense Against the Dark Arts. To their surprise, Professor Moody had announced that he would be putting the Imperius Curse on each of them in turn, to demonstrate its power and to see whether they could resist its effects. â€Å"But – but you said it’s illegal, Professor,† said Hermione uncertainly as Moody cleared away the desks with a sweep of his wand, leaving a large clear space in the middle of the room. â€Å"You said – to use it against another human was -â€Å" â€Å"Dumbledore wants you taught what it feels like,† said Moody, his magical eye swiveling onto Hermione and fixing her with an eerie, unblinking stare. â€Å"If you’d rather learn the hard way – when someone’s putting it on you so they can control you completely – fine by me. You’re excused. Off you go.† He pointed one gnarled finger toward the door. Hermione went very pink and muttered something about not meaning that she wanted to leave. Harry and Ron grinned at each other. They knew Hermione would rather eat bubotuber pus than miss such an important lesson. Moody began to beckon students forward in turn and put the Imperius Curse upon them. Harry watched as, one by one, his classmates did the most extraordinary things under its influence. Dean Thomas hopped three times around the room, singing the national anthem. Lavender Brown imitated a squirrel. Neville performed a series of quite astonishing gymnastics he would certainly not have been capable of in his normal state. Not one of them seemed to be able to fight off the curse, and each of them recovered only when Moody had removed it. â€Å"Potter,† Moody growled, â€Å"you next.† Harry moved forward into the middle of the classroom, into the space that Moody had cleared of desks. Moody raised his wand, pointed it at Harry, and said, â€Å"Imperio!† It was the most wonderful feeling. Harry felt a floating sensation as every thought and worry in his head was wiped gently away, leaving nothing but a vague, untraceable happiness. He stood there feeling immensely relaxed, only dimly aware of everyone watching him. And then he heard Mad-Eye Moody’s voice, echoing in some distant chamber of his empty brain: Jump onto the desk†¦jump onto the desk†¦ Harry bent his knees obediently, preparing to spring. Jump onto the desk†¦. Why, though? Another voice had awoken in the back of his brain. You read "Chapter 15 Beauxbatons and Durmstrang" in category "Essay examples" Stupid thing to do, really, said the voice. Jump onto the desk†¦. No, I don’t think I will, thanks, said the other voice, a little more firmly†¦no, I don’t really want to†¦. Jump! NOW! The next thing Harry felt was considerable pain. He had both jumped and tried to prevent himself from jumping – the result was that he’d smashed headlong into the desk knocking it over, and, by the feeling in his legs, fractured both his kneecaps. â€Å"Now, that’s more like it!† growled Moody’s voice, and suddenly, Harry felt the empty, echoing feeling in his head disappear. He remembered exactly what was happening, and the pain in his knees seemed to double. â€Å"Look at that, you lot†¦Potter fought! He fought it, and he damn near beat it! We’ll try that again, Potter, and the rest of you, pay attention – watch his eyes, that’s where you see it – very good, Potter, very good indeed! They’ll have trouble controlling you!† â€Å"The way he talks,† Harry muttered as he hobbled out of the Defense Against the Dark Arts class an hour later (Moody had insisted on putting Harry through his paces four times in a row, until Harry could throw off the curse entirely), â€Å"you’d think we were all going to be attacked any second.† â€Å"Yeah, I know,† said Ron, who was skipping on every alternate step. He had had much more difficulty with the curse than Harry, though Moody assured him the effects would wear off by lunchtime. â€Å"Talk about paranoid†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ron glanced nervously over his shoulder to check that Moody was definitely out of earshot and went on. â€Å"No wonder they were glad to get shot of him at the Ministry. Did you hear him telling Seamus what he did to that witch who shouted ‘Boo’ behind him on April Fools’ Day? And when are we supposed to read up on resisting the Imperius Curse with everything else we’ve got to do?† All the fourth years had noticed a definite increase in the amount of work they were required to do this term. Professor McGonagall explained why, when the class gave a particularly loud groan at the amount of Transfiguration homework she had assigned. â€Å"You are now entering a most important phase of your magical education!† she told them, her eyes glinting dangerously behind her square spectacles. â€Å"Your Ordinary Wizarding Levels are drawing closer -â€Å" â€Å"We don’t take O.W.L.s till fifth year!† said Dean Thomas indignantly. â€Å"Maybe not, Thomas, but believe me, you need all the preparation you can get! Miss Granger remains the only person in this class who has managed to turn a hedgehog into a satisfactory pincushion. I might remind you that your pincushion, Thomas, still curls up in fright if anyone approaches it with a pin!† Hermione, who had turned rather pink again, seemed to be trying not to look too pleased with herself. Harry and Ron were deeply amused when Professor Trelawney told them that they had received top marks for their homework in their next Divination class. She read out large portions of their predictions, commending them for their unflinching acceptance of the horrors in store for them – but they were less amused when she asked them to do the same thing for the month after next; both of them were running out of ideas for catastrophes. Meanwhile Professor Binns, the ghost who taught History of Magic, had them writing weekly essays on the goblin rebellions of the eighteenth century. Professor Snape was forcing them to research antidotes. They took this one seriously, as he had hinted that he might be poisoning one of them before Christmas to see if their antidote worked. Professor Flitwick had asked them to read three extra books in preparation for their lesson on Summoning Charms. Even Hagrid was adding to their workload. The Blast-Ended Skrewts were growing at a remarkable pace given that nobody had yet discovered what they ate. Hagrid was delighted, and as part of their â€Å"project,† suggested that they come down to his hut on alternate evenings to observe the skrewts and make notes on their extraordinary behavior. â€Å"I will not,† said Draco Malfoy flatly when Hagrid had proposed this with the air of Father Christmas pulling an extra-large toy out of his sack. â€Å"I see enough of these foul things during lessons, thanks.† Hagrid’s smile faded off his face. â€Å"Yeh’ll do wha’ yer told,† he growled, â€Å"or I’ll be takin’ a leaf outta Professor Moody’s book†¦.I hear yeh made a good ferret, Malfoy.† The Gryffindors roared with laughter. Malfoy flushed with anger, but apparently the memory of Moody’s punishment was still sufficiently painful to stop him from retorting. Harry, Ron, and Hermione returned to the castle at the end of the lesson in high spirits; seeing Hagrid put down Malfoy was particularly satisfying, especially because Malfoy had done his very best to get Hagrid sacked the previous year. When they arrived in the entrance hall, they found themselves unable to proceed owing to the large crowd of students congregated there, all milling around a large sign that had been erected at the foot of the marble staircase. Ron, the tallest of the three, stood on tiptoe to see over the heads in front of them and read the sign aloud to the other two: TRIWIZARD TOURNAMENT THE DELEGATIONS FROM BEAUXBATONS AND DURMSTRANG WILL BE ARRIVING AT 6 O’CLOCK ON FRIDAY THE 30TH OF OCTOBER. LESSONS WILL END HALF AN HOUR EARLY- â€Å"Brilliant!† said Harry. â€Å"It’s Potions last thing on Friday! Snape won’t have time to poison us all!† STUDENTS WILL RETURN THEIR BAGS AND BOOKS TO THEIR DORMITORIES AND ASSEMBLE IN FRONT OF THE CASTLE TO GREET OUR GUESTS BEFORETHE WELCOMING FEAST. â€Å"Only a week away!† said Ernie Macmillan of Hufflepuff, emerging from the crowd, his eyes gleaming. â€Å"I wonder if Cedric knows? Think I’ll go and tell him†¦.† â€Å"Cedric?† said Ron blankly as Ernie hurried off. â€Å"Diggory,† said Harry. â€Å"He must be entering the tournament.† â€Å"That idiot, Hogwarts champion?† said Ron as they pushed their way through the chattering crowd toward the staircase. â€Å"He’s not an idiot. You just don’t like him because he beat Gryffindor at Quidditch,† said Hermione. â€Å"I’ve heard he’s a really good student – and he’s a prefect.† She spoke as though this settled the matter. â€Å"You only like him because he’s handsome,† said Ron scathingly. â€Å"Excuse me, I don’t like people just because they’re handsome!† said Hermione indignantly. Ron gave a loud false cough, which sounded oddly like â€Å"Lockhart!† The appearance of the sign in the entrance hall had a marked effect upon the inhabitants of the castle. During the following week, there seemed to be only one topic of conversation, no matter where Harry went: the Triwizard Tournament. Rumors were flying from student to student like highly contagious germs: who was going to try for Hogwarts champion, what the tournament would involve, how the students from Beauxbatons and Durmstrang differed from themselves. Harry noticed too that the castle seemed to be undergoing an extra-thorough cleaning. Several grimy portraits had been scrubbed, much to the displeasure of their subjects, who sat huddled in their frames muttering darkly and wincing as they felt their raw pink faces. The suits of armor were suddenly gleaming and moving without squeaking, and Argus Filch, the caretaker, was behaving so ferociously to any students who forgot to wipe their shoes that he terrified a pair of first-year girls into hysterics. Other members of the staff seemed oddly tense too. â€Å"Longbottom, kindly do not reveal that you can’t even perform a simple Switching Spell in front of anyone from Durmstrang!† Professor McGonagall barked at the end of one particularly difficult lesson, during which Neville had accidentally transplanted his own ears onto a cactus. When they went down to breakfast on the morning of the thirtieth of October, they found that the Great Hall had been decorated overnight. Enormous silk banners hung from the walls, each of them representing a Hogwarts House: red with a gold lion for Gryffiindor, blue with a bronze eagle for Ravenclaw, yellow with a black badger for Hufflepuff, and green with a silver serpent for Slytherin. Behind the teachers’ table, the largest banner of all bore the Hogwarts coat of arms: lion, eagle, badger, and snake united around a large letter H. Harry, Ron, and Hermione sat down beside Fred and George at the Gryffindor table. Once again, and most unusually, they were sitting apart from everyone else and conversing in low voices. Ron led the way over to them. â€Å"It’s a bummer, all right,† George was saying gloomily to Fred. â€Å"But if he won’t talk to us in person, we’ll have to send him the letter after all. Or we’ll stuff it into his hand. He can’t avoid us forrever.† â€Å"Who’s avoiding you?† said Ron, sitting down next to them. â€Å"Wish you would,† said Fred, looking irritated at the interruption. â€Å"What’s a bummer?† Ron asked George. â€Å"Having a nosy git like you for a brother,† said George. â€Å"You two got any ideas on the Triwizard Tournament yet?† Harry asked. â€Å"Thought any more about trying to enter?† â€Å"I asked McGonagall how the champions are chosen but she wasn’t telling,† said George bitterly. â€Å"She just told me to shut up and get on with transfiguring my raccoon.† â€Å"Wonder what the tasks are going to be?† said Ron thoughtfully. â€Å"You know, I bet we could do them, Harry. We’ve done dangerous stuff before†¦.† â€Å"Not in front of a panel of judges, you haven’t,† said Fred. â€Å"McGonagall says the champions get awarded points according to how well they’ve done the tasks.† â€Å"Who are the judges?† Harry asked. â€Å"Well, the Heads of the participating schools are always on the panel,† said Hermione, and everyone looked around at her, rather surprised, â€Å"because all three of them were injured during the Tournament of 1792, when a cockatrice the champions were supposed to be catching went on the rampage.† She noticed them all looking at her and said, with her usual air of impatience that nobody else had read all the books she had, â€Å"It’s all in Hogwarts, A History. Though, of course, that book’s not entirely reliable. A Revised History of Hogwarts would be a more accurate title. Or A Highly Biased and Selective History of Hogwarts, Which Glosses Over the Nastier Aspects of the School.† â€Å"What are you on about?† said Ron, though Harry thought he knew what was coming. â€Å"House-elves!† said Hermione, her eyes flashing. â€Å"Not once, in over a thousand pages, does Hogwarts, A History mention that we are all colluding in the oppression of a hundred slaves!† Harry shook his head and applied himself to his scrambled eggs. His and Ron’s lack of enthusiasm had done nothing whatsoever to curb Hermione’s determination to pursue justice for house-elves. True, both of them had paid two Sickles for a S.P.E.W. badge, but they had only done it to keep her quiet. Their Sickles had been wasted, however; if anything, they seemed to have made Hermione more vociferous. She had been badgering Harry and Ron ever since, first to wear the badges, then to persuade others to do the same, and she had also taken to rattling around the Gryffindor common room every evening, cornering people and shaking the collecting tin under their noses. â€Å"You do realize that your sheets are changed, your fires lit, your classrooms cleaned, and your food cooked by a group of magical creatures who are unpaid and enslaved?† she kept saying fiercely. Some people, like Neville, had paid up just to stop Hermione from glowering at them. A few seemed mildly interested in what she had to say, but were reluctant to take a more active role in campaigning. Many regarded the whole thing as a joke. Ron now rolled his eyes at the ceiling, which was flooding them all in autumn sunlight, and Fred became extremely interested in his bacon (both twins had refused to buy a S.P.E.W. badge). George, however, leaned in toward Hermione. â€Å"Listen, have you ever been down in the kitchens, Hermione?† â€Å"No, of course not,† said Hermione curtly, â€Å"I hardly think students are supposed to -â€Å" â€Å"Well, we have,† said George, indicating Fred, â€Å"loads of times, to nick food. And we’ve met them, and they’re happy. They think they’ve got the best job in the world -â€Å" â€Å"That’s because they’re uneducated and brainwashed!† Hermione began hotly, but her next few words were drowned out by the sudden whooshing noise from overhead, which announced the arrival of the post owls. Harry looked up at once, and saw Hedwig soaring toward him. Hermione stopped talking abruptly; she and Ron watched Hedwig anxiously as she fluttered down onto Harry’s shoulder, folded her wings, and held out her leg wearily. Harry pulled off Sirius’s reply and offered Hedwig his bacon rinds, which she ate gratefully. Then, checking that Fred and George were safely immersed in further discussions about the Triwizard Tournament, Harry read out Sirius’s letter in a whisper to Ron and Hermione. Nice try, Harry. I’m back in the country and well hidden. I want you to keep me posted on everything that’s going on at Hogwarts. Don’t use Hedwig, keep changing owls, and don’t worry about me, just watch out for yourself Don’t forget what I said about your scar. Sirius â€Å"Why d’you have to keep changing owls?† Ron asked in a low voice. â€Å"Hedwig’ll attract too much attention,† said Hermione at once. â€Å"She stands out. A snowy owl that keeps returning to wherever he’s hiding†¦I mean, they’re not native birds, are they?† Harry rolled up the letter and slipped it inside his robes, wondering whether he felt more or less worried than before. He supposed that Sirius managing to get back without being caught was something. He couldn’t deny either that the idea that Sirius was much nearer was reassuring; at least he wouldn’t have to wait so long for a response every time he wrote. â€Å"Thanks, Hedwig,† he said, stroking her. She hooted sleepily, dipped her beak briefly into his goblet of orange juice, then took off again, clearly desperate for a good long sleep in the Owlery. There was a pleasant feeling of anticipation in the air that day. Nobody was very attentive in lessons, being much more interested in the arrival that evening of the people from Beauxbatons and Durmstrang; even Potions was more bearable than usual, as it was half an hour shorter. When the bell rang early, Harry, Ron, and Hermione hurried up to Gryffindor Tower, deposited their bags and books as they had been instructed, pulled on their cloaks, and rushed back downstairs into the entrance hall. The Heads of Houses were ordering their students into lines. â€Å"Weasley, straighten your hat,† Professor McGonagall snapped at Ron. â€Å"Miss Patil, take that ridiculous thing out of your hair.† Parvati scowled and removed a large ornamental butterfly from the end of her plait. â€Å"Follow me, please,† said Professor McGonagall. â€Å"First years in front†¦no pushing†¦.† They filed down the steps and lined up in front of the castle. It was a cold, clear evening; dusk was falling and a pale, transparent-looking moon was already shining over the Forbidden Forest. Harry, standing between Ron and Hermione in the fourth row from the front, saw Dennis Creevey positively shivering with anticipation among the other first years. â€Å"Nearly six,† said Ron, checking his watch and then staring down the drive that led to the front gates. â€Å"How d’you reckon they’re coming? The train?† â€Å"I doubt it,† said Hermione. â€Å"How, then? Broomsticks?† Harry suggested, looking up at the starry sky. â€Å"I don’t think so†¦not from that far away†¦.† â€Å"A Portkey?† Ron suggested. â€Å"Or they could Apparate – maybe you’re allowed to do it under seventeen wherever they come from?† â€Å"You can’t Apparate inside the Hogwarts grounds, how often do I have to tell you?† said Hermione impatiently. They scanned the darkening grounds excitedly, but nothing was moving; everything was still, silent, and quite as usual. Harry was starting to feel cold. He wished they’d hurry up†¦.Maybe the foreign students were preparing a dramatic entrance†¦.He remembered what Mr. Weasley had said back at the campsite before the Quidditch World Cup: â€Å"always the same – we can’t resist showing off when we get together†¦.† And then Dumbledore called out from the back row where he stood with the other teachers – â€Å"Aha! Unless I am very much mistaken, the delegation from Beauxbatons approaches!† â€Å"Where?† said many students eagerly, all looking in different directions. â€Å"There!† yelled a sixth year, pointing over the forest. Something large, much larger than a broomstick – or, indeed, a hundred broomsticks – was hurtling across the deep blue sky toward the castle, growing larger all the time. â€Å"It’s a dragon!† shrieked one of the first years, losing her head completely. â€Å"Don’t be stupid†¦it’s a flying house!† said Dennis Creevey. Dennis’s guess was closer†¦.As the gigantic black shape skimmed over the treetops of the Forbidden Forest and the lights shining from the castle windows hit it, they saw a gigantic, powderblue, horse-drawn carriage, the size of a large house, soaring toward them, pulled through the air by a dozen winged horses, all palominos, and each the size of an elephant. The front three rows of students drew backward as the carriage hurtled ever lower, coming in to land at a tremendous speed – then, with an almighty crash that made Neville jump backward onto a Slytherin fifth year’s foot, the horses’ hooves, larger than dinner plates, hit the ground. A second later, the carriage landed too, bouncing upon its vast wheels, while the golden horses tossed their enormous heads and rolled large, fiery red eyes. Harry just had time to see that the door of the carriage bore a coat of arms (two crossed, golden wands, each emitting three stars) before it opened. A boy in pale blue robes jumped down from the carriage, bent forward, fumbled for a moment with something on the carriage floor, and unfolded a set of golden steps. He sprang back respectfully. Then Harry saw a shining, high-heeled black shoe emerging from the inside of the carriage – a shoe the size of a child’s sled – followed, almost immediately, by the largest woman he had ever seen in his life. The size of the carriage, and of the horses, was immediately explained. A few people gasped. Harry had only ever seen one person as large as this woman in his life, and that was Hagrid; he doubted whether there was an inch difference in their heights. Yet somehow – maybe simply because he was used to Hagrid – this woman (now at the foot of the steps, and looking around at the waiting, wide-eyed crowd) seemed even more unnaturally large. As she stepped into the light flooding from the entrance hall, she was revealed to have a handsome, olive-skinned face; large, black, liquid-looking eyes; and a rather beaky nose. Her hair was drawn back in a shining knob at the base of her neck. She was dressed from head to foot in black satin, and many magnificent opals gleamed at her throat and on her thick fingers. Dumbledore started to clap; the students, following his lead, broke into applause too, many of them standing on tiptoe, the better to look at this woman. Her face relaxed into a gracious smile and she walked forward toward Dumbledore, extending a glittering hand. Dumbledore, though tall himself, had barely to bend to kiss it. â€Å"My dear Madame Maxime,† he said. â€Å"Welcome to Hogwarts.† â€Å"Dumbly-dort,† said Madame Maxime in a deep voice. â€Å"I ‘ope I find you well?† â€Å"In excellent form, I thank you,† said Dumbledore. â€Å"My pupils,† said Madame Maxime, waving one of her enormous hands carelessly behind her. Harry, whose attention had been focused completely upon Madame Maxime, now noticed that about a dozen boys and girls, all, by the look of them, in their late teens, had emerged from the carriage and were now standing behind Madame Maxime. They were shivering, which was unsurprising, given that their robes seemed to be made of fine silk, and none of them were wearing cloaks. A few had wrapped scarves and shawls around their heads. From what Harry could see of them (they were standing in Madame Maxime’s enormous shadow), they were staring up at Hogwarts with apprehensive looks on their faces. â€Å"As Karkaroff arrived yet?† Madame Maxime asked. â€Å"He should be here any moment,† said Dumbledore. â€Å"Would you like to wait here and greet him or would you prefer to step inside and warm up a trifle?† â€Å"Warm up, I think,† said Madame Maxime. â€Å"But ze ‘orses -â€Å" â€Å"Our Care of Magical Creatures teacher will be delighted to take care of them,† said Dumbledore, â€Å"the moment he has returned from dealing with a slight situation that has arisen with some of his other – er – charges.† â€Å"Skrewts,† Ron muttered to Harry, grinning. â€Å"My steeds require – er – forceful ‘andling,† said Madame Maxime, looking as though she doubted whether any Care of Magical Creatures teacher at Hogwarts could be up to the job. â€Å"Zey are very strong†¦.† â€Å"I assure you that Hagrid will be well up to the job,† said Dumbledore, smiling. â€Å"Very well,† said Madame Maxime, bowing slightly. â€Å"Will you please inform zis ‘Agrid zat ze ‘orses drink only single-malt whiskey?† â€Å"It will be attended to,† said Dumbledore, also bowing. â€Å"Come,† said Madame Maxime imperiously to her students, and the Hogwarts crowd parted to allow her and her students to pass up the stone steps. â€Å"How big d’you reckon Durmstrang’s horses are going to be?† Seamus Finnigan said, leaning around Lavender and Parvati to address Harry and Ron. â€Å"Well, if they’re any bigger than this lot, even Hagrid won’t be able to handle them,† said Harry. â€Å"That’s if he hasn’t been attacked by his skrewts. Wonder what’s up with them?† â€Å"Maybe they’ve escaped,† said Ron hopefully. â€Å"Oh don’t say that,† said Hermione with a shudder. â€Å"Imagine that lot loose on the grounds†¦.† They stood, shivering slightly now, waiting for the Durmstrang party to arrive. Most people were gazing hopefully up at the sky. For a few minutes, the silence was broken only by Madame Maxime’s huge horses snorting and stamping. But then – â€Å"Can you hear something?† said Ron suddenly. Harry listened; a loud and oddly eerie noise was drifting toward them from out of the darkness: a muffled rumbling and sucking sound, as though an immense vacuum cleaner were moving along a riverbed†¦. â€Å"The lake!† yelled Lee Jordan, pointing down at it. â€Å"Look at the lake!† From their position at the top of the lawns overlooking the grounds, they had a clear view of the smooth black surface of the water – except that the surface was suddenly not smooth at all. Some disturbance was taking place deep in the center; great bubbles were forming on the surface, waves were now washing over the muddy banks -and then, out in the very middle of the lake, a whirlpool appeared, as if a giant plug had just been pulled out of the lake’s floor†¦. What seemed to be a long, black pole began to rise slowly out of the heart of the whirlpool†¦and then Harry saw the rigging†¦. â€Å"It’s a mast!† he said to Ron and Hermione. Slowly, magnificently, the ship rose out of the water, gleaming in the moonlight. It had a strangely skeletal look about it, as though it were a resurrected wreck, and the dim, misty lights shimmering at its portholes looked like ghostly eyes. Finally, with a great sloshing noise, the ship emerged entirely, bobbing on the turbulent water, and began to glide toward the bank. A few moments later, they heard the splash of an anchor being thrown down in the shallows, and the thud of a plank being lowered onto the bank. People were disembarking; they could see their silhouettes passing the lights in the ship’s portholes. All of them, Harry noticed, seemed to be built along the lines of Crabbe and Goyle†¦but then, as they drew nearer, walking up the lawns into the light streaming from the entrance hall, he saw that their bulk was really due to the fact that they were wearing cloaks of some kind of shaggy, matted fur. But the man who was leading them up to the castle was wearing furs of a different sort: sleek and silver, like his hair. â€Å"Dumbledore!† he called heartily as he walked up the slope. â€Å"How are you, my dear fellow, how are you?† â€Å"Blooming, thank you, Professor Karkaroff,† Dumbledore replied. Karkaroff had a fruity, unctuous voice; when he stepped into the light pouring from the front doors of the castle they saw that he was tall and thin like Dumbledore, but his white hair was short, and his goatee (finishing in a small curl) did not entirely hide his rather weak chin. When he reached Dumbledore, he shook hands with both of his own. â€Å"Dear old Hogwarts,† he said, looking up at the castle and smiling; his teeth were rather yellow, and Harry noticed that his smile did not extend to his eyes, which remained cold and shrewd. â€Å"How good it is to be here, how good†¦.Viktor, come along, into the warmth†¦you don’t mind, Dumbledore? Viktor has a slight head cold†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Karkaroff beckoned forward one of his students. As the boy passed, Harry caught a glimpse of a prominent curved nose and thick black eyebrows. He didn’t need the punch on the arm Ron gave him, or the hiss in his ear, to recognize that profile. â€Å"Harry – it’s Krum!† How to cite Chapter 15 Beauxbatons and Durmstrang, Essay examples

Animal Rights Cause for Vegetarianism Essay Example For Students

Animal Rights Cause for Vegetarianism Essay The choice of eating meat or not has been a debated issue for a continued number of years. There have long since been two sides: the proponents and opponents of meat consumption. More and more debates of its value and effect on the world have risen. Many claim it is wrong, while others think of it as a needed pleasure. Today, a greater percentage of the population eats meat. Only a few individuals seek the alternative route. Yet, there has been a steady rise in the number of vegetarians. Only a few individuals seek the alternative route. Yet, there has been a steady rise in the number of vegetarians. Many may already know that religions all over the world have advocated a meat-free diet. While a few are lenient, the majority is steady. The reason a vegetarian diet has been preferred over meat dates back thousands of years. Take for example, the Christian tradition. Although most are now lenient, previously many great saints advocated a meat-free diet, for more reasons than one. In the beginning it was said by God, Here I have given you all vegetation bearing seed which is on the surface of the whole earthto you let it serve as food. (gen. 1.29) Later it was spoken by Jesus of the commandment, thou shall not kill. Jesus said, You heard that it was said to those of ancient times, Thou shall not kill; and whoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment.(Matthw.5.21) There is also the Hindu tradition, where a meatless way of life has gone on for thousands of years (until the invasion by foreign rule, forcing some to comply to foreign acts). This tradition has volumes of scriptures proclaiming vegetarianism. Take for example this quote from the Srimad Bhagavatam 1.7.37, A cruel and wretched person who maintains his existence at the cost of others lives deserves to be killed for his own eternal well-being, otherwise he will go down by his own actions. There are many more such quotes from scriptures all over the world. Yet nowadays, there is just the opposite of vegetarianism in compliance of these ancient texts. Although meat-eating has been denied to the human form by God and his sons and daughters of the past, people still adopt the process. Such are the statements of devout followers who adhere to a meat-free diet in accordance to scriptural texts. Those who advocate vegetarianism profess that many people are weak of heart and so succumb to meat eating. While those who advocate a meat-oriented diet say that a meat diet is essential for a normal and healthy life, for they provide protein. The Dutch chemist, Gerrit Jari Mulder, in his experiments, has proved in 1838, that protein is biologically essential, for every living creature needs a certain amount to survive. This fact about protein is due to the presence of amino acids, the building blocks of life. While it is true that animals provide essential protein for the human body, scientific reports have provided additional information that may seem to support a vegetarian viewpoint. In his Book Diet for Transcendence, Steven Rosen states from other sources that plants are the sources of protein and that animals are the secondary sources, having consumed such plants. Plants can synthesize amino acids from air, earth and water, but animals are dependent on plants for protein, either directly by eating plants or indirectly by eating an animal which has eaten and metabolized plants. There have also been many scientific reports of late showing the defects of a meat-oriented diet. Cancer and heart disease are nearly epidemic in nations with a high per capita consumption of meat, while they rarely occur in societies where little meat is consumed, quoted from Steven Rosens book Diet For Transcendence. .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb , .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .postImageUrl , .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb , .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:hover , .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:visited , .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:active { border:0!important; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:active , .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u179411071c1cb4b2222caa8be85593fb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Technological Humanity EssayWith a variety of groups forming all over the world advocating vegetarianism, this issue will remain a top issue. .

Law of Contract Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd

Question: Define the Law of Contract for Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd. Answer: 1: on the basis of the facts that have been given for this question, the question arises if the advertisement that has been issued by Mojo Beverage can be enforced by the law and if the promise that was made by Mojo in the advertisement to give $100,000 to the person who catches Lord Harry, a fish tagged and released in the lake, can be enforced by Ben. The reason is that Ben caught the fish but later on he found that there was an error in the advertisement and the company had the intention of giving a prize of $1000. For deciding the issue that has arisen in this case, it is required to be decided if the advertisement that was issued by Mojo Beverage can be treated as an offer or was it only an invitation to treat. The reason is that a significant difference is present between offer and an invitation to treat. According to this difference, when an offer is accepted, a legally enforceable contract is created between the parties. But an invitation to treat is not capable of being accepted by the other party for the formation of a contract. Usually, it has been seen that there is a lot of puffery in case of the advertisements (Brownsword, 2000). Generally, it is established to verify the claims that are made in the advertisements and the result is that they're not treated as offers under the contract law. But there was a significant change in this position after the decision given in Carlill v Carbolic Smokeball Company (1892). The company has issued an advertisement according to which, a reward of 100 will be paid to any person who contracted influenza even after using the smokeballs of the company. The company also deposited an amount of 1000 in the bank for the purpose of showing its seriousness. After reading about the offer, Mrs. Carlill used the smokeballs as directly by the company but she still contracted influenza. But then she made a claim for the prize money as mentioned by the company in its advertisement, the company refused. According to the defendant company, the advertisement issued by them was not an offer and therefore the plaintiff could not accept it resulting in a contract. The company claimed that the advertisement was only an invitation to treat. However this contention of the defendant was rejected by the court and it was decided that a contract has been formed. The court rejected the argument of the defendant according to which, it was a contract with the whole world and it is not possible to create a contract with the whole world. The court stated tha t the contract was not with the whole world, however the offer has been made to the whole world but the contract was formed only with the persons who satisfied the conditions of the offer. When the above-mentioned case law is applied to the facts of this case, it can be decided that in the present case, the advertisement of Mojo Beverage can be treated as an offer although it has been made to the whole world. This offer provided that a contract will be formed within a person who was successful in catching a fish that has been tagged by the company. Ben was also aware of this offer. After some time of the issue of this advertisement, there were rumors that the company intended to give a prize of $1000 but erroneously, the amount has been mentioned as $100,000. The rumors regarding the prize money were true but before Ben could know regarding this mistake, he had already caught the fish, Lord Harry. The result is that the requirements I are necessary for the formation of a valid contract are completed. The offer has been made in the form of the advertisement issued by the company, although the offer has been made to the whole world. This offer can only be accepted by the person who was successful in catching the fish. Therefore, as Ben had been successful in fulfilling this condition, a legally enforceable contract has been created and Mojo Beverage has to pay the amount mentioned by them in the advertisement. 2: The issue in this question is if the letter that was sent by Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd can be treated as an offer that could be accepted by Livestock Brokers and moreover, if Livestock Brokers can accept this offer after the expiry of six months. Usually the formation of a contract is based on an offer and its acceptance. It is required that an offer should be made by one party and the same should be accepted by the party to whom the offer has been made. This results in the formation of a legally enforceable contract. But in this context, the difference that exists between an offer and invitation to treat is also very significant. According to the law of contract, for the purpose of being treated as an offer, it needs to be proved that the party that had made the offer, also had the intention of being bound by it (Burrows and Peel, eds. 2003). For example in Harvey v Facey (1893), Harvey wrote a telegram to Facey and asked if he was willing to sell Bumper Hall Pen. He was told to telegram the lowest cash price. Facey send a telegram in reply and mentioned that the lowest cash price for Bumper Hall Pen will be 900. Harvey sent a reply and stated that they had accepted the price of 900. Facey claimed that no contract has been c reated between the parties. While deciding this case, the decision of the Privy Council was that there was no contract between the parties. The reason given in support of this decision was that Facey had not given a direct answer to the first question asked in the telegram if they were going to sell Bumper Hall Pen. The result was that the lowest price mentioned in the telegram was only in response to the request for information. Consequently, the court stated that it cannot be treated as an offer. There was no evidence that Facey had the intention that the reply sent by them was an offer. Similarly, according to the law of contract, the party making the offer can withdraw it at any time, before the same has been accepted (Harris and Tallon, eds 1989). This was stated in Dickinson v Dodds (1876). In the same way, if a particular deadline has not been set for accepting the offer, the offer will not be available after a reasonable period has expired. For this purpose, the reasonable period within which the offer can be accepted depends on the subject matter of the contract. In this case, the offer was not accepted by Livestock Brokers within a reasonable time. Similarly, instead of accepting the offer, Livestock Brokers asked if the sale can be financed according to the usual terms. But to this letter, no reply was given by Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd. But later on, after six months, Livestock Brokers sent a telegram to Dorper Sheep Sellers and mentioned their acceptance of the offer. However by that time, Dorper Sheep had already sold the flock of sheep to some other buyer. The result is that in this case, it has not been established that the letter written by Dorper Sheep was not an offer. On the other hand, Livestock Brokers had not sent their acceptance. In its place, they asked if the sale can be completed on usual terms. This does not amount to a valid acceptance. Moreover, after six months they have decided to accept the offer. Consequently, it can be decided that in this case, a contract has not been formed between Livestock Brokers and Dorper Sheep Sellers. The reason is that in this case, the elements that are required for the formation of a valid contract, offer and acceptance are not present. (b) On the other hand if it is assumed that Livestock had accepted the offer on 14 June and they also sent the fax containing the acceptance but due to some transmission error, this fax was not received by Dorper. But it needs to be noted that the postal rule of acceptance does not apply to the communications sent to instantaneous modes of communication. While the postal rule provides that when post is contemplated as the means of communicating acceptance, it is complete as soon as the letter is placed in the mailbox. But in this case this rule is not applicable. Therefore, the general rule applies according to which in order to be effective, acceptance has to be communicated to the other party. 3: The facts of this question suggests that the issue that has to be decided is if the part payment of a debt can act as a consideration to support the promise relinquished the rest of the amount. For deciding this issue, the role that was mentioned by the court in Pinnel's Case (1602) has to be applied. This rule provides that the part payment of debt is not a good consideration to support the promise to forgo the balance (Atiyah, 1990). For example if A owes $50 to B and B decided to accept $25 as the full satisfaction of the debt on the due date, the law does not prevent B from claiming the rest of the amount later on. The reason is that in this case, A has not provided any consideration in return of the promise made by B. On the other hand, A was already bound to pay the full amount as per the contract between the parties (Stilk v Myrick, 1809). The reason behind this rule is to protect the creditors from economic duress by the debtors. The facts of Pinnel's Case also need to be discussed briefly. In this case, Cole owed 8.50 to Pinnel and this amount had to be paid on 11 November. But on a demand made by Pinnel, Cole paid 5.11 and Pinnel accepted this amount as the complete satisfaction of the debt. But Pinnel sued Cole for the remaining amount later on. The decision of the court was that the part payment made by Cole was not sufficient consideration. According to the court, the agreement between the parties to accept the part payment as complete will be binding if some fresh consideration has been supplied by the debtor. Therefore the position under the law contract is that in such a case, consideration may be supplied in case the creditor agreed to accept part payment on an earlier date, chattel instead of the money or the part payment to be given at a different place (Beatson, 2002). Even if the rule described by the court in Pinnel's case has been criticized as being somewhat harsh, however it represents the current law. Another case dealing with this issue is that of Foakes v Beer (1884). Mrs. Beers got a judgment from the courts against Dr. Foakes. He requested for some more time and it was decided that Mrs. Beers will not take any action if an amount of 500 was immediately paid by Foakes and the rest in installments of 150. Dr. Foakes during followed the agreement but the judgment debts also carried interest. Regarding interest on this amount, the decision of the House of Lords was that Mrs. Beers can recover the amount of 360 as interest. The court said that Foakes had not provided any conside ration in return of the promise made by Mrs. Beers to refrain from taking any further action. As a result, consideration was not present and the promise was not enforceable. In this case, Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd had made a promise that they will accept a reduced rent of $700 per week but in return for this promise, Stewart had not supplied any consideration. Therefore, Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd cannot be prevented from demanding the shortfall of $300 per week and also the whole rent in future. Therefore the promise of Westphalia Marts to accept reduced rental is not the enforceable for the lack of consideration. References Atiyah, P.S. 1990, Essays on Contract, Oxford University Press, New York Atiyah, P.S., 1995, Introduction to the Law of Contract, 5th Edition, Oxford University Press Beatson, J, 2002, Ansons Law of Contract, 28th Edition, Oxford University Press Benson, Peter (ed) 2001, The Theory of Contract Law: New Essays (Cambridge University Brownsword, R, 2000, Contract Law: Themes for the Twenty-First Century, (Butterworths, Burrows, A. and Peel, E eds. 2003, Commercial Remedies: Current Issues Problems, OUP Harris, D. and Tallon, D. eds 1989, Contract Law Today: Anglo-French Comparisons (Clarendon Press, Oxford London Press, Cambridge Case Law Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1892] EWCA Civ 1 Harvey v Facey [1893] UKPC 1 Foakes v Beer (1884) 9 App Cas 605 Stilk v Myrick [1809] EWHC KB J58 Pinnel's Case (1602) 5 CoRep 117a Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch. D. 463

A Sample Essay Cover Page Can Help You in Writing an Essay

A Sample Essay Cover Page Can Help You in Writing an EssayA sample essay cover page can help you in writing an essay with a theme. If you are creating an essay to showcase your personality and what you have to offer, you can use the sample to show what your style is like. You can also use the sample to determine what type of essay you want to create, and whether or not it will be more interesting for the reader.The sample essay is always best used to figure out what your style is like, because you don't know what to expect from the reader. However, if you already know what kind of essay you want to write, the sample can be a great tool to help you. So if you don't already know your style, you may want to use the sample to get ideas about what you want to include on your essay.You can also get ideas about your style by looking at some sample essays. Some samples come from sites that offer help in creating essays, and others come from the content of writing competitions. Sometimes, the samples are provided by the essay writers themselves. In other cases, they are submitted by the writer's employers.These samples usually come with some sample words and phrases, and some instructions about how to turn the sample into an essay. You can also use the sample as a guide when you are creating your own essay. You can use the sample as a guide on what to include in your essay.Before you actually begin writing, you should consider whether you want to turn your essay into a writing competition. This can be helpful if you want to learn how to write an essay. Or you can choose a category for your essay to make it easier for you to find something that you would like to write.You can choose to turn your essay into a writing competition, or choose a theme for your essay to make it easier for you to write. For example, if you are writing an essay about space, you can choose to turn your essay into a theme competition, which will provide you with some ideas and inspiration on what to include in your essay. Also, you can choose to write an essay based on a song you like.Whatever you decide to do, you can get ideas about your style by looking at the sample. Just remember that the sample is only meant to give you ideas about what your essay should be like.

Church Planting Essay Example

Church Planting Essay Indigenous Church Planting A Book Review On Church Growth International A Practical Journey Charles Brock By: Michael Stilley Fusion Church Planting U-MS 410 Book Review Page 1 Indigenous Church Planting was written by Charles Brock in the year of 1994. Charles and his wife were church planters for 26 years. They have planted churches both in the United States and in foreign countries. Charles, Dottie, and their 3 kids spent 25 years in the Philippines serving with the Philippine Baptist Mission. Charles has written many other books like Philippines, the Joyous Journey and Let This Mind Be in You. Indigenous Church Planting was written for the purpose of equipping the reader with information about indigenous church planting. The author wrote this book because he sees a need for a new, fresh vision in church planters. There are many different methods that you can take when planting a church. Indigenous church planting is very exciting and its success depends only upon the Holy Spirit. Without the Holy Spirit, church planting will never be successful. I believe that the author accomplished his goal by giving us information about indigenous church planting according to his own past experiences. In my opinion, Indigenous Church Planting is a very good book because I really like the way that Charles Brock told us about his personal experience as a church planter. When reading about his stories, I was on the edge of my seat because it made me so excited. I have always loved reading books about missionaries that go to a rural environment and plant churches. My heart is definitely burdened when it comes to foreigners that need to hear the gospel of Christ. When I hear of church planters going to tough places it makes so excited because I strongly believe that God’s will is for me to do the same. We will write a custom essay sample on Church Planting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Church Planting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Church Planting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I also like how the author broke the book into two sections. Because of this, I can really understand the main theme of both of the sections in Indigenous Church Planting. In chapter two of Indigenous Church Planting, the author talks about how the first essential in church planting is the Holy Spirit. I firmly agree with the author when he says that without the Holy Spirit, we are nothing. A church plant cannot be successful without the work of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit opens and closes doors that we could never open or close ourselves. Church planting can be a very stressful thing to do. Without the Holy Spirit, church planting would be impossible. I also agree with Charles Brock when he talks about excessive baggage. Excessive baggage can be material things like money or other possessions. It can also be something like singular leadership in a church. Excessive baggage can really be a hindrance for believers in the church. Charles Brock did a phenomenal job writing this book and I honestly do not disagree with anything that he wrote about. Indigenous Church Planting is one of my favorite books because it has really impacted my life in a positive way. In Seven Steps for Planting Churches, I was really informed about church planting. In my opinion, I like this book a lot more than Seven Steps for Planting Churches because it has a lot more personal experience in it. The author tells countless stories about his experience in the Philippines and in America. The Lord has really used this book to help me understand more about what it means to be a church planter and also the risks of being a church planter. I am actually going to look into some of Charles Brock’s Bible Studies so that I can gain more knowledge and understanding about church planting.